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- Ranitidine 75 mg Tablets
Ranitidine
Summary of product characteristics
1. Name of the medicinal product
Ranitidine 75 mg Film-coated Tablets
2. Qualitative and quantitative composition
Each film-coated tablet contains 84 mg of Ranitidine hydrochloride equivalent to 75 mg of Ranitidine.
For the full list of excipients, see section 6.1
3. Pharmaceutical form
Film-coated Tablet
Peach, round shaped, biconvex, beveled edge film coated tablets plain on both sides.
4.1. Therapeutic indications
Symptomatic relief of heartburn, indigestion, acid indigestion and hyperacidity.
4.2. Posology and method of administration
Dosage
Adults (Including the elderly) and children 16 years of age and older:
Swallow one Ranitidine 75 mg Film-coated Tablet whole, with a drink of water, as soon as you have symptoms. If symptoms persist for more than one hour or return, take another tablet. Do not take more than two tablets in 24 hours.
Do not take the tablets for more than 6 days without the advice of a pharmacist or doctor.
Children under 16 years
Not recommended for children under 16 years of age.
Method of administration
For oral administration.
4.3. Contraindications
Ranitidine is contraindicated for patients known to be hypersensitive to the drug or to any of the excipients listed in section 6.1.
4.4. Special warnings and precautions for use
Treatment with a histamine H2 -antagonist such as Ranitidine 75 mg Film-coated
Tablets may mask symptoms associated with carcinoma of the stomach and may therefore delay diagnosis of the condition.
Ranitidine is excreted via the kidney and so plasma levels of the drug are increased in patients with renal impairment (creatinine clearance less than 50 ml/min). Ranitidine 75 mg Film-coated Tablets is not suitable for these patients without medical supervision.
People taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, especially those with a history of peptic ulcer and the elderly, should not self-medicate with Ranitidine 75 mg Film- coated Tablets but seek their doctor's advice before use.
People with a history of porphyria should avoid use of the product.
Consumers will be advised not to purchase a second pack of tablets without the advice of a pharmacist or doctor.
The product is not indicated in the following patients without seeking their doctor's or pharmacist's advice:
• Patients with renal impairment (creatinine clearance less than 50 ml/min) and/or hepatic impairment.
• Patients under regular medical supervision for other reasons.
• Patients taking medications either physician prescribed or self-prescribed.
• Those with difficulty swallowing, persistent stomach pain or unintended weight loss in association with symptoms of indigestion.
• Those who are middle-aged or elderly with new or recently changed symptoms of indigestion.
In patients such as the elderly, persons with chronic lung disease, diabetes or the immunocompromised, there may be an increased risk of developing community acquired pneumonia.
A large epidemiological study showed an increased risk of developing community acquired pneumonia in current users of ranitidine alone versus those who had stopped treatment, with an observed adjusted relative risk increase of 1,82 (95% CI 1,26- 2,64).
4.5. Interaction with other medicinal products and other forms of interaction
Ranitidine has the potential to affect the absorption, metabolism or renal excretion of other drugs. The altered pharmacokinetics may necessitate dosage adjustment of the affected drug or discontinuation of treatment
Interactions occur by several mechanisms including:
1) Inhibition of cytochrome P450-linked mixed function oxygenase system:
Ranitidine at usual therapeutic doses does not potentiate the actions of drugs which are inactivated by this enzyme system such as diazepam, lidocaine, phenytoin, propanolol and theophylline.
There have been reports of altered prothrombin time with coumarin anticoagulants (e.g. warfarin). Due to the narrow therapeutic index, close monitoring of increased or decreased prothrombin time is recommended during concurrent treatment with ranitidine.
2) Alteration of gastric pH:
The bioavailability of certain drugs may be affected. This can result in either an increase in absorption (e.g. triazolam, midazolam, glipizide) or a decrease in absorption (e.g. ketoconazole, atazanavir, delavirdine, gefitnib).
4.6. Fertility, pregnancy and lactation
Pregnancy
Ranitidine Film-coated Tablets crosses the placenta but therapeutic doses administered to obstetric patients in labour or undergoing caesarean section have been without any adverse effect on labour, delivery or subsequent neonatal progress. Like other over the counter drugs, Ranitidine 75 mg Film-coated Tablets should not be taken during pregnancy without consulting a doctor or pharmacist.
Breast-feeding
Ranitidine is also excreted in human breast milk and women who are breast-feeding will be advised to speak to their doctor before taking Ranitidine 75 mg Film-coated Tablets.
Fertility
There are no human data on the effect of ranitidine on fertility. In animal studies, no effect on fertility was observed.
4.7. Effects on ability to drive and use machines
No known effect.
4.8. Undesirable effects
The following convention has been utilised for the classification of undesirable effects: very common (≥1/10), common (≥1/100, <1/10), uncommon (≥1/1000, ≤1/100), rare (≥1/10,000, ≤1/1000), very rare (≤1/10,000).
Adverse event frequencies have been estimated from spontaneous reports from post- marketing data.
| Blood & Lymphatic System Disorders
| |
| Very Rare:
| Blood count changes (leucopenia, thrombocytopenia). These are usually reversible. Agranulocytosis or pancytopenia, sometimes with marrow hypoplasia or marrow aplasia.
|
| Immune System Disorders
| |
| Rare:
| Hypersensitivity reactions (urticaria, angioneurotic oedema, fever, bronchospasm, hypotension and chest pain).
|
| Very Rare:
| Anaphylactic shock.
|
| These events have been reported after a single dose. Psychiatric Disorders
| |
| Very Rare:
| Reversible mental confusion, depression and hallucinations.
|
| These have been reported predominantly in severely ill and elderly patients. Nervous System Disorders
| |
| Very Rare:
| Headache (sometimes severe), dizziness and reversible involuntary movement disorders.
|
| Eye Disorders
| |
| Very Rare:
| Reversible blurred vision.
|
| There have been reports of blurred vision, which is suggestive of a change in accommodation. Cardiac Disorders
| |
| Very Rare:
| As with other H2 receptor antagonists bradycardia and A-V block.
|
| Vascular Disorders
| |
| Very Rare:
| Vasculitis.
|
| Gastrointestinal Disorders
| |
| Very Rare:
| Acute pancreatitis, diarrhoea
|
| Uncommon:
| Abdominal pain, constipation, nausea (these symptoms mostly improved during continued treatment).
|
| Hepatobiliary Disorders
| |
| Rare:
| Transient and reversible changes in liver function tests.
|
| Very Rare:
| Hepatitis (hepatocellular, hepatocanalicular or mixed) with or without jaundice, these were usually reversible.
|
| Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue Disorders
| |
| Rare:
| Skin Rash.
|
| Very Rare:
| Erythema multiforme, alopecia.
|
| Musculoskeletal and Connective Tissue Disorders
| |
| Very Rare:
| Musculoskeletal symptoms such as arthralgia and myalgia.
|
| Renal and Urinary Disorders
| |
| Very Rare:
| Acute interstitial nephritis.
|
| Rare:
| Elevation of plasma creatinine (usually slight; normalized during continued treatment)
|
| Reproductive System and Breast Disorders
| |
| Very Rare:
| Reversible impotence. Breast symptoms and breast conditions (such as gynaecomastia and galactorrhoea).
|
Reporting of suspected adverse reactions
Reporting suspected adverse reactions after authorisation of the medicinal product is important. It allows continued monitoring of the benefit/risk balance of the medicinal product. Healthcare professionals are asked to report any suspected adverse reactions via the Yellow Card Scheme at: www.mhra.gov.uk/yellowcard or search for MHRA Yellow Card in the Google Play or Apple App Store.
4.9. Overdose
Symptoms and signs
Ranitidine is very specific in action and no particular problems are expected following overdose with the drug. Up to 6g per day has been administered without untoward effect.
Treatment
Symptomatic and supportive therapy should be given as appropriate. If need be, the drug may be removed from the plasma by haemodialysis.
5.1. Pharmacodynamic properties
ATC Code: A02BA02
Pharmacotherapeutic group: H2 -receptor antagonists
Mechanism of action
Ranitidine is a specific, rapidly acting histamine H2 -antagonist. It inhibits basal and stimulated secretion of gastric acid, reducing both the volume and the acid and pepsin content of the secretion.
Pharmacodynamic Effects
Ranitidine has a long duration of action and a single 75 mg dose effectively suppresses gastric acid secretion for at least 12 hours.
5.2. Pharmacokinetic properties
Absorption
Following oral administration of 150 mg ranitidine, maximum plasma concentrations (300 to 550 ng/mL) occurred after 1—3 hours. Two distinct peaks or plateau in the absorption phase result from reabsorption of drug excreted into the intestine. The absolute bioavailability of ranitidine is 50-60% and plasma concentrations increase proportionally with increasing dose up to 300 mg.
Absorption is not significantly impaired by food or antacids.
Distribution
Ranitidine is not extensively bound to plasma proteins (15%), but exhibits a large volume of distribution ranging from 96 to 142 L.
Metabolism
Ranitidine is not extensively metabolised. The fraction of the dose recovered as metabolites includes 6% of the dose in urine as the N-oxide, 2% as the S-oxide, 2% as desmethyl ranitidine and 1-2% as the furoic acid analogue.
Elimination
Plasma concentrations decline bi-exponentially, with a terminal half-life of 2-3 hours. The major route of elimination is renal. After IV administration of 150 mg 3H- ranitidine, 98% of the dose was recovered, including 5% in faeces and 93% in urine, of which 70% was unchanged parent drug. After oral administration of 150 mg 3H- ranitidine, 96% of the dose was recovered, 26% in faeces and 70% in urine of which 35% was unchanged parent drug. Less than 3% of the dose is excreted in bile. Renal clearance is approximately 500 mL/min, which exceeds glomerular filtration indicating net renal tubular secretion.
Special Patient Populations
• Patients over 50 years of age
In patients over 50 years of age, half-life is prolonged (3-4 h) and clearance is reduced, consistent with the age-related decline of renal function. However, systemic exposure and accumulation are 50% higher. This difference exceeds the effect of declining renal function, and indicates increased bioavailability in older patients.
5.3. Preclinical safety data
Extensive studies have been carried out in animals. The pharmacology of ranitidine hydrochloride shows it to be a surmountable H2 receptor antagonist which produces an inhibition of gastro acid secretion. Extensive toxicological investigators have been conducted which predicted a very safe profile for clinical use. This safety has been confirmed by extensive use in patients for many years.
6.1. List of excipients
Tablet core:
Microcrystalline Cellulose
Croscarmellose sodium
Colloidal Anhydrous Silica
Magnesium Stearate
Film coat:
Opadry AMB II 88A570016 Beige which contains
Polyvinyl Alcohol (E1203)
Talc (E553b)
Titanium Dioxide (E171)
Iron oxide Yellow (E172)
GMCC Type 1
Sodium lauryl sulfate
Iron oxide red (E172)
6.2. Incompatibilities
Not applicable.
6.3. Shelf life
2 years
6.4. Special precautions for storage
Store below 25° C. Protect from Light. Store in the original package in order to protect from moisture.
6.5. Nature and contents of container
Ranitidine Film-coated Tablets are available in cartons containing blister packs of Aluminium-Aluminium foils of 5, 6, 10, 12 tablets along with a leaflet inside.
Not all pack sizes may be marketed.
6.6. Special precautions for disposal and other handling
No special requirements.
7. Marketing authorisation holder
Flamingo Pharma UK Ltd.
1st Floor, Kirkland House,
11-15 Peterborough Road,
Harrow, Middlesex,
HA1 2AX, United Kingdom.
8. Marketing authorisation number(s)
PL 43461/0057
9. Date of first authorisation/renewal of the authorisation
06/03/2019
10. Date of revision of the text
22/08/2019
4.1 Therapeutic indications
Symptomatic relief of heartburn, indigestion, acid indigestion and hyperacidity.
4.2 Posology and method of administration
Dosage
Adults (Including the elderly) and children 16 years of age and older:
Swallow one Ranitidine 75 mg Film-coated Tablet whole, with a drink of water, as soon as you have symptoms. If symptoms persist for more than one hour or return, take another tablet. Do not take more than two tablets in 24 hours.
Do not take the tablets for more than 6 days without the advice of a pharmacist or doctor.
Children under 16 years
Not recommended for children under 16 years of age.
Method of administration
For oral administration.
4.3 Contraindications
Ranitidine is contraindicated for patients known to be hypersensitive to the drug or to any of the excipients listed in section 6.1.
4.4 Special warnings and precautions for use
Treatment with a histamine H2 -antagonist such as Ranitidine 75 mg Film-coated
Tablets may mask symptoms associated with carcinoma of the stomach and may therefore delay diagnosis of the condition.
Ranitidine is excreted via the kidney and so plasma levels of the drug are increased in patients with renal impairment (creatinine clearance less than 50 ml/min). Ranitidine 75 mg Film-coated Tablets is not suitable for these patients without medical supervision.
People taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, especially those with a history of peptic ulcer and the elderly, should not self-medicate with Ranitidine 75 mg Film- coated Tablets but seek their doctor's advice before use.
People with a history of porphyria should avoid use of the product.
Consumers will be advised not to purchase a second pack of tablets without the advice of a pharmacist or doctor.
The product is not indicated in the following patients without seeking their doctor's or pharmacist's advice:
• Patients with renal impairment (creatinine clearance less than 50 ml/min) and/or hepatic impairment.
• Patients under regular medical supervision for other reasons.
• Patients taking medications either physician prescribed or self-prescribed.
• Those with difficulty swallowing, persistent stomach pain or unintended weight loss in association with symptoms of indigestion.
• Those who are middle-aged or elderly with new or recently changed symptoms of indigestion.
In patients such as the elderly, persons with chronic lung disease, diabetes or the immunocompromised, there may be an increased risk of developing community acquired pneumonia.
A large epidemiological study showed an increased risk of developing community acquired pneumonia in current users of ranitidine alone versus those who had stopped treatment, with an observed adjusted relative risk increase of 1,82 (95% CI 1,26- 2,64).
4.5 Interaction with other medicinal products and other forms of interaction
Ranitidine has the potential to affect the absorption, metabolism or renal excretion of other drugs. The altered pharmacokinetics may necessitate dosage adjustment of the affected drug or discontinuation of treatment
Interactions occur by several mechanisms including:
1) Inhibition of cytochrome P450-linked mixed function oxygenase system:
Ranitidine at usual therapeutic doses does not potentiate the actions of drugs which are inactivated by this enzyme system such as diazepam, lidocaine, phenytoin, propanolol and theophylline.
There have been reports of altered prothrombin time with coumarin anticoagulants (e.g. warfarin). Due to the narrow therapeutic index, close monitoring of increased or decreased prothrombin time is recommended during concurrent treatment with ranitidine.
2) Alteration of gastric pH:
The bioavailability of certain drugs may be affected. This can result in either an increase in absorption (e.g. triazolam, midazolam, glipizide) or a decrease in absorption (e.g. ketoconazole, atazanavir, delavirdine, gefitnib).
4.6 Fertility, pregnancy and lactation
Pregnancy
Ranitidine Film-coated Tablets crosses the placenta but therapeutic doses administered to obstetric patients in labour or undergoing caesarean section have been without any adverse effect on labour, delivery or subsequent neonatal progress. Like other over the counter drugs, Ranitidine 75 mg Film-coated Tablets should not be taken during pregnancy without consulting a doctor or pharmacist.
Breast-feeding
Ranitidine is also excreted in human breast milk and women who are breast-feeding will be advised to speak to their doctor before taking Ranitidine 75 mg Film-coated Tablets.
Fertility
There are no human data on the effect of ranitidine on fertility. In animal studies, no effect on fertility was observed.
4.7 Effects on ability to drive and use machines
No known effect.
4.8 Undesirable effects
The following convention has been utilised for the classification of undesirable effects: very common (≥1/10), common (≥1/100, <1/10), uncommon (≥1/1000, ≤1/100), rare (≥1/10,000, ≤1/1000), very rare (≤1/10,000).
Adverse event frequencies have been estimated from spontaneous reports from post- marketing data.
| Blood & Lymphatic System Disorders
| |
| Very Rare:
| Blood count changes (leucopenia, thrombocytopenia). These are usually reversible. Agranulocytosis or pancytopenia, sometimes with marrow hypoplasia or marrow aplasia.
|
| Immune System Disorders
| |
| Rare:
| Hypersensitivity reactions (urticaria, angioneurotic oedema, fever, bronchospasm, hypotension and chest pain).
|
| Very Rare:
| Anaphylactic shock.
|
| These events have been reported after a single dose. Psychiatric Disorders
| |
| Very Rare:
| Reversible mental confusion, depression and hallucinations.
|
| These have been reported predominantly in severely ill and elderly patients. Nervous System Disorders
| |
| Very Rare:
| Headache (sometimes severe), dizziness and reversible involuntary movement disorders.
|
| Eye Disorders
| |
| Very Rare:
| Reversible blurred vision.
|
| There have been reports of blurred vision, which is suggestive of a change in accommodation. Cardiac Disorders
| |
| Very Rare:
| As with other H2 receptor antagonists bradycardia and A-V block.
|
| Vascular Disorders
| |
| Very Rare:
| Vasculitis.
|
| Gastrointestinal Disorders
| |
| Very Rare:
| Acute pancreatitis, diarrhoea
|
| Uncommon:
| Abdominal pain, constipation, nausea (these symptoms mostly improved during continued treatment).
|
| Hepatobiliary Disorders
| |
| Rare:
| Transient and reversible changes in liver function tests.
|
| Very Rare:
| Hepatitis (hepatocellular, hepatocanalicular or mixed) with or without jaundice, these were usually reversible.
|
| Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue Disorders
| |
| Rare:
| Skin Rash.
|
| Very Rare:
| Erythema multiforme, alopecia.
|
| Musculoskeletal and Connective Tissue Disorders
| |
| Very Rare:
| Musculoskeletal symptoms such as arthralgia and myalgia.
|
| Renal and Urinary Disorders
| |
| Very Rare:
| Acute interstitial nephritis.
|
| Rare:
| Elevation of plasma creatinine (usually slight; normalized during continued treatment)
|
| Reproductive System and Breast Disorders
| |
| Very Rare:
| Reversible impotence. Breast symptoms and breast conditions (such as gynaecomastia and galactorrhoea).
|
Reporting of suspected adverse reactions
Reporting suspected adverse reactions after authorisation of the medicinal product is important. It allows continued monitoring of the benefit/risk balance of the medicinal product. Healthcare professionals are asked to report any suspected adverse reactions via the Yellow Card Scheme at: www.mhra.gov.uk/yellowcard or search for MHRA Yellow Card in the Google Play or Apple App Store.
Learning Zones
The Learning Zones are an educational resource for healthcare professionals that provide medical information on the epidemiology, pathophysiology and burden of disease, as well as diagnostic techniques and treatment regimens.
Disclaimer
The drug SPC information (indications, contra-indications, interactions, etc), has been developed in collaboration with eMC (www.medicines.org.uk/emc/). Medthority offers the whole library of SPC documents from eMC.
Medthority will not be held liable for explicit or implicit errors, or missing data.
Drug Licencing
Drugs appearing in this section are approved by UK Medicines & Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (MHRA), & the European Medicines Agency (EMA).