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- Doxorubicin Hydrochloride DOXORUBICIN HYDROCHLORIDE 2 mg/mL Gland Pharma Limited
Doxorubicin Hydrochloride
Summary of product characteristics
Adverse Reactions
6 ADVERSE REACTIONS The following clinically significant adverse reactions are described elsewhere in the labeling. Cardiomyopathy and Arrhythmias [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ] Secondary Malignancies [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ] Extravasation and Tissue Necrosis [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3) ] Severe Myelosuppression [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4) ] Tumor Lysis Syndrome [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6) ] Radiation Sensitization and Radiation Recall [see Warnings and Precautions (5.7) ] The most common (>10%) adverse reactions are alopecia, nausea and vomiting ( 6.1 ). To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Gland Pharma at 864-879-9994 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch . 6.1 Clinical Trials Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. Breast Cancer The safety data below were collected from 1492 women who received doxorubicin hydrochloride at a dose of 60 mg/m 2 and cyclophosphamide at a dose of 600 mg/m 2 (AC) every 3 weeks for 4 cycles for the adjuvant treatment of axillary lymph node positive breast cancer. The median number of cycles received was 4. Selected adverse reactions reported in this study are provided in Table 2. No treatment-related deaths were reported in patients on either arm of the study. Table 2. Selected Adverse Reactions in Patients with Early Breast Cancer Involving Axillary Lymph Nodes Adverse Reactions AC* N=1492 Conventional CMF N=739 % % Alopecia 92 71 Vomiting Vomiting ≤12 hours Vomiting >12 hours Intractable 34 37 5 25 12 2 Leukopenia Grade 3 (1,000 to 1,999/mm 3 ) Grade 4 (<1,000/mm 3 ) 3.4 0.3 9.4 0.3 Shock, sepsis 2 1 Systemic infection 2 1 Cardiac dysfunction Asymptomatic Transient Symptomatic 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0 0 Thrombocytopenia Grade 3 (25,000 to 49,999/mm 3 ) Grade 4 (<25,000/mm 3 ) 0 0.1 0.3 0 AC = doxorubicin hydrochloride, cyclophosphamide; CMF = cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, fluorouracil * Includes pooled data from patients who received either AC for 4 cycles or AC for 4 cycles followed by CMF for 3 cycles 6.2 Postmarketing Experience The following adverse reactions have been identified during postapproval use of Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure. Cardiac – Cardiogenic shock Cutaneous – Skin and nail hyperpigmentation, oncolysis, rash, itching, photosensitivity, urticaria, acral erythema, palmar plantar erythrodysesthesia Gastrointestinal – Nausea, mucositis, stomatitis, necrotizing colitis, typhlitis, gastric erosions, gastrointestinal tract bleeding, hematochezia, esophagitis, anorexia, abdominal pain, dehydration, diarrhea, hyperpigmentation of the oral mucosa Hypersensitivity – Anaphylaxis Laboratory Abnormalities – Increased ALT, increased AST Neurological – Peripheral sensory and motor neuropathy, seizures, coma Ocular – Conjunctivitis, keratitis, lacrimation Vascular – Phlebosclerosis, phlebitis/thrombophlebitis, hot flashes, thromboembolism Other – Malaise/asthenia, fever, chills, weight gain
Contraindications
4 CONTRAINDICATIONS Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection is contraindicated in patients with: Severe myocardial insufficiency [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ] Recent (occurring within the past 4 to 6 weeks) myocardial infarction [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ] Severe persistent drug-induced myelosuppression [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4) ] Severe hepatic impairment (defined as Child Pugh Class C or serum bilirubin level greater than 5 mg/dL) [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5) ] Severe hypersensitivity reaction to doxorubicin hydrochloride, including anaphylaxis [see Adverse Reactions (6.2) ] • Severe myocardial insufficiency ( 4 ). • Recent myocardial infarction ( 4 ). • Severe persistent drug-induced myelosuppression ( 4 ). • Severe hepatic impairment ( 4 ). • Severe hypersensitivity to doxorubicin hydrochloride ( 4 ).
Description
11 DESCRIPTION Doxorubicin hydrochloride is an anthracycline topoisomerase inhibitor isolated from cultures of Streptomyces peucetius var. caesius. The chemical name of doxorubicin hydrochloride is 5,12-Naphthacenedione, 10-[(3-amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-α-L- lyx o-hexopyranosyl)oxy]-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-6,8,11-trihydroxy-8-(hydroxylacetyl)-1-methoxy-,hydrochloride (8S- ci s)-. The chemical structure of doxorubicin hydrochloride is: Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection, USP for intravenous use is a clear red, sterile, isotonic aqueous solution provided in vials containing 10 mg/5 mL doxorubicin hydrochloride, USP (equivalent to 9.37 mg of doxorubicin free base), 50 mg/25 mL doxorubicin hydrochloride, USP (equivalent to 46.86 mg of doxorubicin free base), or 200 mg/100 mL doxorubicin hydrochloride, USP (equivalent to 187.4 mg of doxorubicin free base). The drug product has demonstrated inherent antimicrobial activity suitable for a multiple dose presentation. Each milliliter of solution contains 2 mg of doxorubicin hydrochloride and 9 mg of sodium chloride. The pH of the solution is adjusted to 2.5 to 4.5 with hydrochloric acid, USP. doxorubicin-spl-structure
Dosage And Administration
2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION • Single agent : 60 to 75 mg/m2 given intravenously every 21 days ( 2.1 ). • In combination : 40 to 75 mg/m2 given intravenously every 21 to 28 days ( 2.1 ). • Discontinue Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection in patients who develop signs or symptoms of cardiomyopathy ( 2.2 ). • Reduce dose in patients with hepatic impairment ( 2.3 ). 2.1 Recommended Dosage for Adjuvant Breast Cancer The recommended dosage of Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection is 60 mg/m2 administered as an intravenous bolus on day 1 of each 21-day treatment cycle, in combination with cyclophosphamide, for a total of four cycles. 2.2 Recommended Dosage for Other Cancers • The recommended dosage of Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection when used as a single agent is 60 mg/m 2 to 75 mg/m 2 intravenously every 21 days. • The recommended dosage of Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection, when administered in combination with other chemotherapy drugs, is 40 mg/m 2 to 75 mg/m 2 intravenously every 21 to 28 days. • Consider use of the lower Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection dose in the recommended dosage range or longer intervals between cycles for heavily pretreated patients, elderly patients, or obese patients. • Cumulative doses above 550 mg/m 2 are associated with an increased risk of cardiomyopathy [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ]. 2.3 Dosage Modifications for Adverse Reactions Cardiomyopathy Discontinue Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection in patients who develop signs or symptoms of cardiomyopathy [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ] . 2.4 Dosage Modifications for Hepatic Impairment Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection is contraindicated in patients with severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh Class C or serum bilirubin greater than 5 mg/dL) [see Contraindications (4) ]. Dosage modifications for Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection in patients with elevated serum total bilirubin concentrations [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5), Use in Specific Populations (8.6) ] are provided in Table 1. Table 1. Recommended Dosage Modification for Elevated Serum Total Bilirubin Serum total bilirubin concentration Dosage Modification 1.2 to 3 mg/dL 50% 3.1 to 5 mg/dL 75% greater than 5 mg/dL Do not initiate Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection; Discontinue Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection 2.5 Preparation and Administration Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection is a cytotoxic drug. Follow applicable special handling and disposal procedures. 1 Preparation Dilution of Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection Dilute Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection in 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP or 5% Dextrose Injection, USP. Protect from light following preparation until completion of infusion. Use within 1 hour. If not used within 1 hour, discard the diluted product. Administration Visually inspect for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever solution and container permit. Discard if the solution is discolored, cloudy, or contains particulate matter. Administration by Intravenous Injection Administer diluted Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection as an intravenous injection through a central intravenous line or a secure and free-flowing peripheral venous line containing 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP, 0.45% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP, or 5% Dextrose Injection, USP. Administer intravenously over 3 to 10 minutes. Decrease the rate of infusion if erythematous streaking along the vein proximal to the site of infusion or facial flushing occur. Administration by Continuous Intravenous Infusion Administer diluted Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection solution only through a central intravenous line. Decrease the rate of infusion if erythematous streaking along the vein proximal to the site of infusion or facial flushing occur. Protect from light from preparation for infusion until completion of infusion. Management of Suspected Extravasation Immediately discontinue Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection for burning or stinging sensation or other evidence indicating peri-venous infiltration or extravasation. Manage confirmed or suspected extravasation as follows: Do not remove the needle until attempts are made to aspirate extravasated fluid. Do not flush the line. Avoid applying pressure to the site. Apply ice to the site intermittently for 15 minutes, 4 times a day for 3 days. If the extravasation is in an extremity, elevate the extremity. In adults, consider administration of dexrazoxane [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3) ] . Management of Contact with Skin or Eyes Treat accidental contact with the skin or eyes immediately by copious lavage with water, or soap and water, or sodium bicarbonate solution. Do not abrade the skin by using a scrub brush. Seek medical attention. Incompatibility with Other Drugs Do not admix Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection with other drugs. If Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection is mixed with heparin or fluorouracil, a precipitate may form. Avoid contact with alkaline solutions which can lead to hydrolysis of doxorubicin hydrochloride.
Indications And Usage
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection is an anthracycline topoisomerase inhibitor indicated: •as a component of multiagent adjuvant chemotherapy for treatment of women with axillary lymph node involvement following resection of primary breast cancer ( 1.1 ). •for the treatment of: acute lymphoblastic leukemia, acute myeloblastic leukemia, Hodgkin lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, metastatic breast cancer, metastatic Wilms' tumor,metastatic neuroblastoma, metastatic soft tissue sarcoma, metastatic bone sarcomas, metastatic ovarian carcinoma, metastatic transitional cell bladder carcinoma, metastatic thyroid carcinoma, metastatic gastric carcinoma, metastatic bronchogenic carcinoma ( 1.2 ). 1.1 Adjuvant Breast Cancer Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection is indicated as a component of multi-agent adjuvant chemotherapy for treatment of women with axillary lymph node involvement following resection of primary breast cancer. 1.2 Other Cancers Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection is indicated for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia acute myeloblastic leukemia Hodgkin lymphoma non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) metastatic breast cancer metastatic Wilms’ tumor metastatic neuroblastoma metastatic soft tissue sarcoma metastatic bone sarcoma metastatic ovarian carcinoma metastatic transitional cell bladder carcinoma metastatic thyroid carcinoma metastatic gastric carcinoma metastatic bronchogenic carcinoma
Overdosage
10 OVERDOSAGE Few cases of overdose have been described. A 58-year-old man with acute lymphoblastic leukemia received 10-fold overdose of doxorubicin hydrochloride (300 mg/m 2 ) in one day. He was treated with charcoal filtration, hemopoietic growth factor (G-CSF), proton pump inhibitor and antimicrobial prophylaxis. The patient suffered sinus tachycardia, grade 4 neutropenia and thrombocytopenia for 11 days, severe mucositis and sepsis. The patient recovered completely 26 days after the overdose. A 17-year-old girl with osteogenic sarcoma received 150 mg of doxorubicin hydrochloride daily for 2 days (intended dose was 50 mg per day for 3 days). The patient developed severe mucositis on days 4 to 7 after the overdose and chills and pyrexia on day 7. The patient was treated with antibiotics and platelets and recovered 18 days after overdose.
Adverse Reactions Table
Table 2. Selected Adverse Reactions in Patients with Early Breast Cancer Involving Axillary Lymph Nodes | ||
Adverse Reactions | AC* N=1492 | Conventional CMF N=739 |
% | % | |
Alopecia | 92 | 71 |
Vomiting Vomiting ≤12 hours Vomiting >12 hours Intractable | 34 37 5 | 25 12 2 |
Leukopenia Grade 3 (1,000 to 1,999/mm3) Grade 4 (<1,000/mm3) | 3.4 0.3 | 9.4 0.3 |
Shock, sepsis | 2 | 1 |
Systemic infection | 2 | 1 |
Cardiac dysfunction Asymptomatic Transient Symptomatic | 0.2 0.1 0.1 | 0.1 0 0 |
Thrombocytopenia Grade 3 (25,000 to 49,999/mm3) Grade 4 (<25,000/mm3) | 0 0.1 | 0.3 0 |
Drug Interactions
7 DRUG INTERACTIONS • Avoid concomitant use of doxorubicin hydrochloride with inhibitors and inducers of CYP3A4, CYP2D6, and/or P-gp ( 7.1 ). • Do not administer doxorubicin hydrochloride in combination with trastuzumab due to increased risk of cardiac dysfunction ( 5.1 , 7.2 ). 7.1 Effect of Other Drugs on Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection Inhibitors of CYP3A4, CYP2D6, and P-gp Concomitant use of doxorubicin hydrochloride with inhibitors of CYP3A4, CYP2D6, or P-glycoprotein (P-gp), increased concentrations of doxorubicin, which may increase the incidence and severity of adverse reactions of doxorubicin hydrochloride. Avoid concomitant use of Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection with inhibitors of CYP3A4, CYP2D6, or P-gp. Inducers of CYP3A4, CYP2D6, or P-gp Concomitant use of doxorubicin hydrochloride with inducers of CYP3A4, CYP2D6, or P-gp may decrease the concentration of doxorubicin. Avoid concomitant use of Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection with inducers of CYP3A4, CYP2D6, or P-gp. Paclitaxel Paclitaxel, when given prior to doxorubicin hydrochloride, increases the plasma-concentrations of doxorubicin and its metabolites. Administer Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection prior to paclitaxel if used concomitantly. 7.2 Concomitant Use of Trastuzumab Concomitant use of trastuzumab and doxorubicin hydrochloride results in an increased risk of cardiac dysfunction. Avoid concomitant administration of Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection and trastuzumab [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ]. Patients receiving doxorubicin after stopping treatment with trastuzumab may also be at an increased risk of developing cardiotoxicity. Trastuzumab may persist in the circulation for up to 7 months. Therefore, avoid anthracycline-based therapy for up to 7 months after stopping trastuzumab when possible. If anthracyclines are used before this time, carefully monitor cardiac function. 7.3 Concomitant Use of Dexrazoxane Do not administer dexrazoxane as a cardioprotectant at the initiation of doxorubicin hydrochloride-containing chemotherapy regimens. In a randomized trial in women with metastatic breast cancer, initiation of dexrazoxane with doxorubicin hydrochloride-based chemotherapy resulted in a significantly lower tumor response rate (48% vs. 63%; p=0.007) and shorter time to progression compared to doxorubicin hydrochloride-based chemotherapy alone. 7.4 Concomitant Use of 6-Mercaptopurine Doxorubicin hydrochloride may potentiate 6-mercaptopurine-induced hepatotoxicity. In 11 patients with refractory leukemia treated with 6-mercaptopurine (500 mg/m2 intravenously daily for 5 days per cycle every 2 to 3 weeks) and doxorubicin hydrochloride (50 mg/m2 intravenous once per cycle every 2 to 3 weeks) alone or with vincristine and prednisone, all developed hepatic dysfunction manifested by increased total serum bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase and aspartate aminotransferase.
Clinical Pharmacology
12 CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY 12.1 Mechanism of Action The cytotoxic effect of doxorubicin hydrochloride on malignant cells and its toxic effects on various organs are thought to be related to nucleotide base intercalation and cell membrane lipid binding activities of doxorubicin. Intercalation inhibits nucleotide replication and action of DNA and RNA polymerases. The interaction of doxorubicin with topoisomerase II to form DNA-cleavable complexes appears to be an important mechanism of doxorubicin hydrochloride cytocidal activity. 12.3 Pharmacokinetics Pharmacokinetic studies conducted in patients with various types of tumors have shown that doxorubicin follows multiphasic disposition after intravenous injection. In four patients, doxorubicin demonstrated dose-independent pharmacokinetics across a dose range of 30 mg/m 2 to 70 mg/m 2 . Distribution The distribution half-life is approximately 5 minutes. Steady-state distribution volume ranges from 809 L/m 2 to 1214 L/m 2 . Binding of doxorubicin and its major metabolite, doxorubicinol, to plasma proteins is 75% and is independent of plasma concentration of doxorubicin up to 1.1 mcg/mL. Doxorubicin does not cross the blood brain barrier. Elimination Plasma clearance is ranges from 324 mL/min/m 2 to 809 mL/min/m 2 . The terminal half-life is 20 hours to 48 hours. Metabolism Doxorubicin is a substrate of CYP3A4, CYP2D6, and P-gp. Enzymatic reduction at the 7 position and cleavage of the daunosamine sugar yields aglycones which are accompanied by free radical formation, the local production of which may contribute to the cardiotoxic activity of doxorubicin hydrochloride. Disposition of doxorubicinol in patients is formation rate limited, with the terminal half-life of doxorubicinol being similar to doxorubicin. The relative exposure of doxorubicinol, i.e., the ratio between the AUC of doxorubicinol and the AUC of doxorubicin is approximately 0.5. Excretion Plasma clearance is predominately by metabolism and biliary excretion. Approximately 40% of the dose appears in the bile in 5 days, while only 5% to 12% of the drug and its metabolites appear in the urine during the same time period. In urine, <3% of the dose was recovered as doxorubicinol over 7 days. Specific Populations Weight Systemic clearance of doxorubicin is significantly reduced in obese women with ideal body weight greater than 130%. There was a significant reduction in clearance without any change in volume of distribution in obese patients when compared with normal patients with less than 115% ideal body weight. Pediatric Patients Following administration of doses ranging from 10 mg/m 2 to 75 mg/m 2 of doxorubicin hydrochloride to 60 patients ranging from 2 months to 20 years, doxorubicin clearance averaged 1443 ± 114 mL/min/m 2 . Further analysis demonstrated that clearance in 52 patients ranging from 2 to 20 years (1540 mL/min/m 2 ) was increased compared with adults. However, clearance in infants younger than 2 years of age (813 mL/min/m 2 ) was decreased compared with older patients (ranging from 2 to 20 years) and approached the range of clearance values determined in adults [see Use in Specific Populations (8.4) ]. Sex A published clinical study involving 6 men and 21 women with no prior anthracycline therapy reported a significantly higher median doxorubicin clearance in men compared to women (1088 mL/min/m 2 versus 433 mL/min/m 2 ). However, the terminal half-life of doxorubicin was longer in men compared to women (54 versus 35 hours). Patients with Hepatic Impairment The clearance of doxorubicin and doxorubicinol was reduced in patients with elevated serum total bilirubin concentrations [see Dosage and Administration (2.4) , Warnings and Precautions (5.5) ].
Mechanism Of Action
12.1 Mechanism of Action The cytotoxic effect of doxorubicin hydrochloride on malignant cells and its toxic effects on various organs are thought to be related to nucleotide base intercalation and cell membrane lipid binding activities of doxorubicin. Intercalation inhibits nucleotide replication and action of DNA and RNA polymerases. The interaction of doxorubicin with topoisomerase II to form DNA-cleavable complexes appears to be an important mechanism of doxorubicin hydrochloride cytocidal activity.
Pharmacokinetics
12.3 Pharmacokinetics Pharmacokinetic studies conducted in patients with various types of tumors have shown that doxorubicin follows multiphasic disposition after intravenous injection. In four patients, doxorubicin demonstrated dose-independent pharmacokinetics across a dose range of 30 mg/m 2 to 70 mg/m 2 . Distribution The distribution half-life is approximately 5 minutes. Steady-state distribution volume ranges from 809 L/m 2 to 1214 L/m 2 . Binding of doxorubicin and its major metabolite, doxorubicinol, to plasma proteins is 75% and is independent of plasma concentration of doxorubicin up to 1.1 mcg/mL. Doxorubicin does not cross the blood brain barrier. Elimination Plasma clearance is ranges from 324 mL/min/m 2 to 809 mL/min/m 2 . The terminal half-life is 20 hours to 48 hours. Metabolism Doxorubicin is a substrate of CYP3A4, CYP2D6, and P-gp. Enzymatic reduction at the 7 position and cleavage of the daunosamine sugar yields aglycones which are accompanied by free radical formation, the local production of which may contribute to the cardiotoxic activity of doxorubicin hydrochloride. Disposition of doxorubicinol in patients is formation rate limited, with the terminal half-life of doxorubicinol being similar to doxorubicin. The relative exposure of doxorubicinol, i.e., the ratio between the AUC of doxorubicinol and the AUC of doxorubicin is approximately 0.5. Excretion Plasma clearance is predominately by metabolism and biliary excretion. Approximately 40% of the dose appears in the bile in 5 days, while only 5% to 12% of the drug and its metabolites appear in the urine during the same time period. In urine, <3% of the dose was recovered as doxorubicinol over 7 days. Specific Populations Weight Systemic clearance of doxorubicin is significantly reduced in obese women with ideal body weight greater than 130%. There was a significant reduction in clearance without any change in volume of distribution in obese patients when compared with normal patients with less than 115% ideal body weight. Pediatric Patients Following administration of doses ranging from 10 mg/m 2 to 75 mg/m 2 of doxorubicin hydrochloride to 60 patients ranging from 2 months to 20 years, doxorubicin clearance averaged 1443 ± 114 mL/min/m 2 . Further analysis demonstrated that clearance in 52 patients ranging from 2 to 20 years (1540 mL/min/m 2 ) was increased compared with adults. However, clearance in infants younger than 2 years of age (813 mL/min/m 2 ) was decreased compared with older patients (ranging from 2 to 20 years) and approached the range of clearance values determined in adults [see Use in Specific Populations (8.4) ]. Sex A published clinical study involving 6 men and 21 women with no prior anthracycline therapy reported a significantly higher median doxorubicin clearance in men compared to women (1088 mL/min/m 2 versus 433 mL/min/m 2 ). However, the terminal half-life of doxorubicin was longer in men compared to women (54 versus 35 hours). Patients with Hepatic Impairment The clearance of doxorubicin and doxorubicinol was reduced in patients with elevated serum total bilirubin concentrations [see Dosage and Administration (2.4) , Warnings and Precautions (5.5) ].
Effective Time
20230515
Version
10
Dosage And Administration Table
Table 1. Recommended Dosage Modification for Elevated Serum Total Bilirubin | |
Serum total bilirubin concentration | Dosage Modification |
1.2 to 3 mg/dL | 50% |
3.1 to 5 mg/dL | 75% |
greater than 5 mg/dL | Do not initiate Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection; Discontinue Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection |
Dosage Forms And Strengths
3 DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection: 10 mg/5 mL and 50 mg/25 mL (2 mg/mL) clear red solution in a single-dose vial 200 mg/100 mL (2 mg/mL) clear red solution in a multi-dose vial Injection: o 10 mg/5 mL, 50 mg/25 mL in single-dose vial ( 3 ) o 200 mg/100 mL in multi-dose vial ( 3 )
Spl Product Data Elements
Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Doxorubicin Hydrochloride DOXORUBICIN HYDROCHLORIDE DOXORUBICIN SODIUM CHLORIDE HYDROCHLORIC ACID WATER Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Doxorubicin Hydrochloride DOXORUBICIN HYDROCHLORIDE DOXORUBICIN SODIUM CHLORIDE HYDROCHLORIC ACID WATER Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Doxorubicin Hydrochloride DOXORUBICIN HYDROCHLORIDE DOXORUBICIN SODIUM CHLORIDE HYDROCHLORIC ACID WATER
Carcinogenesis And Mutagenesis And Impairment Of Fertility
13.1 Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility Doxorubicin hydrochloride treatment can increase the risk of secondary malignancies based on postmarketing reports [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ] . Doxorubicin hydrochloride was mutagenic in the in vitro Ames assay, and clastogenic in multiple in vitro assays (CHO cell, V79 hamster cell, human lymphoblast, and SCE assays) and the in vivo mouse micronucleus assay. Doxorubicin hydrochloride decreased fertility in female rats at the doses of 0.05 and 0.2 mg/kg/day (approximately 0.005 and 0.02 times the recommended human dose, based on body surface area). A single intravenous dose of 0.1 mg/kg doxorubicin hydrochloride (approximately 0.01 times the recommended human dose based on body surface area) was toxic to male reproductive organs in animal studies, producing testicular atrophy, diffuse degeneration of the seminiferous tubules, and oligospermia/hypospermia in rats. Doxorubicin hydrochloride induces DNA damage in rabbit spermatozoa and dominant lethal mutations in mice.
Nonclinical Toxicology
13 NONCLINICAL TOXICOLOGY 13.1 Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility Doxorubicin hydrochloride treatment can increase the risk of secondary malignancies based on postmarketing reports [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ] . Doxorubicin hydrochloride was mutagenic in the in vitro Ames assay, and clastogenic in multiple in vitro assays (CHO cell, V79 hamster cell, human lymphoblast, and SCE assays) and the in vivo mouse micronucleus assay. Doxorubicin hydrochloride decreased fertility in female rats at the doses of 0.05 and 0.2 mg/kg/day (approximately 0.005 and 0.02 times the recommended human dose, based on body surface area). A single intravenous dose of 0.1 mg/kg doxorubicin hydrochloride (approximately 0.01 times the recommended human dose based on body surface area) was toxic to male reproductive organs in animal studies, producing testicular atrophy, diffuse degeneration of the seminiferous tubules, and oligospermia/hypospermia in rats. Doxorubicin hydrochloride induces DNA damage in rabbit spermatozoa and dominant lethal mutations in mice.
Application Number
ANDA209825
Brand Name
Doxorubicin Hydrochloride
Generic Name
Doxorubicin Hydrochloride
Product Ndc
68083-249
Product Type
HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG
Route
INTRAVENOUS
Package Label Principal Display Panel
PACKAGE LABEL.PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL - 10 mg/5 mL Vial Label NDC 68083- 248 -01 Rx only DOXOrubicin Hydrochloride Injection, USP 10 mg/5 mL (2 mg/mL) For Intravenous Use Only 5 mL Single-Dose Vial Discard unused portion Caution: Cytotoxic Agent PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL - 10 mg/5 mL Carton Label NDC 68083- 248 -01 Rx only DOXOrubicin Hydrochloride Injection, USP 10 mg/5 mL (2 mg/mL) For Intravenous Use Only 5 mL Single-Dose Vial Discard unused portion Caution: Cytotoxic Agent PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL - 50 mg/25 mL Vial Label NDC 68083- 249 -01 Rx only DOXOrubicin Hydrochloride Injection, USP 50 mg/25 mL (2 mg/mL) For Intravenous Use Only 25 mL Single-Dose Vial Discard unused portion Caution: Cytotoxic Agent PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL - 50 mg/25 mL Carton Label NDC 68083- 249 -01 Rx o nly DOXOrubicin Hydrochloride Injection, USP 50 mg/25 mL (2 mg/mL) For Intravenous Use Only 25 mL Single-Dose Vial Discard unused portion Caution: Cytotoxic Agent PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL - 200 mg/100 mL Vial Label NDC 68083- 250 -01 Rx only DOXOrubicin Hydrochloride Injection, USP 200 mg/100 mL (2 mg/mL) For Intravenous Use Only 100 mL Multi-Dose Vial Caution: Cytotoxic Agent PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL - 200 mg/100 mL Carton Label NDC 68083- 250 -01 Rx only DOXOrubicin Hydrochloride Injection, USP 200 mg/100 mL (2 mg/mL) For Intravenous Use Only 100 mL Multi-Dose Vial Caution: Cytotoxic Agent doxorubicin-spl-5-ml-vial doxorubicin-spl-5-ml-carton doxorubicin-spl-25-ml-vial doxorubicin-spl-25-ml-carton doxorubicin-spl-100-ml-vial doxorubicin-spl-100-ml-carton
Information For Patients
17 PATIENT COUNSELING INFORMATION Advise the patient to read the FDA-approved patient labeling (Patient Information). Cardiomyopathy Advise patients that Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection can cause irreversible myocardial damage and to contact a healthcare provider for symptoms of heart failure during or after treatment [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ] . Secondary Malignancy Advise patients of the increased risk of treatment-related leukemia [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ]. Myelosuppression Advise patients that Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection can reduce the absolute neutrophil count resulting in an increased risk of infection and to contact a healthcare provider for new onset fever or symptoms of infection [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4) ]. Embryo-Fetal Toxicity Advise pregnant women and females of reproductive potential of the potential risk to a fetus, and to inform their healthcare provider of a known or suspected pregnancy [see Warnings and Precautions (5.8) , Use in Specific Populations (8.1) ]. Advise females of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection and for 6 months after treatment [see Warnings and Precautions (5.8), Use in Specific Populations (8.3) ]. Advise patients that Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection may induce chromosomal damage in sperm, which may lead to loss of fertility and offspring with birth defects. Advise males with female partners of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection and for 3 months after treatment [see Warnings and Precautions (5.8) , Use in Specific Populations (8.3) , Nonclinical Toxicology (13.1) ]. Advise males with pregnant partners to use condoms during treatment with Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection and for at least 10 days after the final dose [see Use in Specific Populations (8.3) ]. Lactation Advise females not to breastfeed during treatment with Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection and for 10 days after the final dose [see Use in Specific Populations (8.2) ]. Infertility Advise females and males of the potential loss of fertility from Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection [see Use in Specific Populations (8.3) ]. Gastrointestinal and Dermatologic Adverse Reactions Advise patients that Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection can cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mouth/oral pain and sores and to contact a healthcare provider should they develop any severe symptoms that prevent them from eating and drinking [see Adverse Reactions (6) ]. Advise patients that Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection can cause alopecia [see Adverse Reactions (6.1) ]. Administration Advise patients that Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection can cause their urine to appear red for 1 to 2 days after administration. Manufactured by: Gland Pharma Limited Visakhapatnam-530049, Andhra Pradesh, India. Revised: April 2023 Patient Information DOXORUBICIN (dok-suh-roo-buh-sin) HYDROCHLORIDE injection, for intravenous use What is the most important information I should know about Doxorubicin? Doxorubicin may cause serious side effects including: • Heart muscle problems. Doxorubicin can cause heart muscle damage that may lead to heart failure. Heart failure means your heart does not pump blood well. Heart failure is irreversible in some cases and can lead to death. Heart failure can happen during your treatment with Doxorubicin or months to years after stopping treatment. Your risk of heart muscle damage increases with higher total amounts of Doxorubicin that you receive in your lifetime. Your risk of heart failure is higher if you: • have other heart problems • have had or are currently receiving radiation therapy to your chest • have had treatment with certain other anti-cancer medicines • take other medicines that can have severe side effects on your heart Tell your healthcare provider if you get any of these symptoms of heart failure during or after treatment with Doxorubicin: extreme tiredness or weakness fast heartbeat shortness of breath swelling of your feet and ankles Your healthcare provider will do tests to check the strength of your heart muscle before, during, and after your treatment with Doxorubicin. • Heart rhythm problems. Doxorubicin can cause serious heart rhythm problems that may lead to death. This can happen during your infusion, within a few hours after your infusion or anytime during treatment with Doxorubicin. Tell your healthcare provider if you get any symptoms of heart rhythm problems, such as feeling as if your heart is beating fast, irregular or slow, or you feel lightheaded, dizzy, short of breath, chest discomfort or you faint. • Risk of new cancers. You may have an increased risk of developing certain blood cancers called acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) or myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) after treatment with Doxorubicin. Talk with your healthcare provider about your risk of developing new cancers if you receive Doxorubicin. • Skin damage at or near the vein where Doxorubicin is given. Doxorubicin can damage the skin if it leaks out of the vein and might cause blisters, skin sores or severe tissue damage, which may require skin grafts. Tell your healthcare provider if you get burning or stinging during your infusion. • Decreased blood cell counts. Doxorubicin can cause a decrease in neutrophils (a type of white blood cell important in fighting bacterial infections) and platelets (important for clotting and to control bleeding). This may lead to a serious infection, the need for blood transfusions, treatment in a hospital or death. Your healthcare provider will check your blood cell counts before each infusion and during treatment with Doxorubicin. Call your healthcare provider right away if you get a fever (temperature of 100.4°F or higher) or chills with shivering. What is Doxorubicin? Doxorubicin is a prescription medicine used to treat certain types of cancers. Doxorubicin may be used alone or along with other anti-cancer medicines. Do not receive Doxorubicin if: •you have had a recent heart attack (within the past 4 to 6 weeks) or have severe heart problems. •your blood cell counts (platelets, red blood cells, and white blood cells) are very low because of prior chemotherapy. •you have severe liver problems. •you have had a severe allergic reaction to Doxorubicin. Before you receive Doxorubicin, tell your healthcare provider about all of your medical conditions, including if you: • have heart problems including heart failure. •are currently receiving radiation therapy or plan to receive radiation to the chest. •have liver problems. •have had an allergic reaction to doxorubicin. • are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. Doxorubicin can harm your unborn baby. You should not become pregnant during treatment with Doxorubicin. Tell your healthcare provider right away if you become pregnant or think you may be pregnant. Females who are able to become pregnant: • Your healthcare provider will check to see if you are pregnant before you start treatment with Doxorubicin • You should use effective birth control (contraception) during treatment with Doxorubicin and for 6 months after treatment Males: • Doxorubicin can affect your sperm and could cause birth defects. • If you have a female partner who can become pregnant, you should use effective birth control during treatment with Doxorubicin and for 3 months after treatment • If you have a pregnant partner, you should use condoms during treatment with Doxorubicin and for at least 10 days after the final dose • Talk to your healthcare provider about birth control methods that may be right for you • are breastfeeding or plan to breastfeed. Doxorubicin can pass into your breast milk. Do not breastfeed during treatment with Doxorubicin and for 10 days after the final dose. Talk to your healthcare provider about the best way to feed your baby during this time. Tell your healthcare provider about all the medicines you take, including prescription and over-thecounter medicines, vitamins, and herbal supplements. How will I receive Doxorubicin? • Doxorubicin will be given to you into your vein through an intravenous (IV) line. • Your healthcare provider will do blood tests to check for side effects during treatment with Doxorubicin. • Your healthcare provider may stop your treatment, change the timing of your treatment, or change the dose of your treatment if you have certain side effects while receiving Doxorubicin. What are the possible side effects of Doxorubicin? Doxorubicin may cause serious side effects, including: • See “What is the most important information I should know about Doxorubicin?” The most common side effects of Doxorubicin include: • total hair loss (alopecia). Your hair may re-grow after your treatment. • nausea • vomiting Other side effects: • Red colored urine. You may have red colored urine for 1 to 2 days after your infusion of Doxorubicin. This is normal. Tell your healthcare provider if it does not stop in a few days, or if you see what looks like blood or blood clots in your urine. • Call your healthcare provider if you have severe symptoms that prevent you from eating or drinking, such as: • nausea • vomiting • diarrhea • mouth pain or sores Doxorubicin may cause fertility problems in males. This could affect your ability to father a child. Talk to your healthcare provider if this is a concern for you. Doxorubicin may cause fertility problems in females. Your periods (menstrual cycle) may completely stop when you receive Doxorubicin. Your periods may or may not return following treatment. Early menopause has also happened. Talk to your healthcare provider if this is a concern for you. These are not all of the possible side effects of Doxorubicin. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088. General information about the safe and effective use of Doxorubicin. Medicines are sometimes prescribed for purposes other than those listed in a Patient Information leaflet. You can ask your pharmacist or healthcare provider for information about Doxorubicin that is written for health professionals. What are the ingredients in Doxorubicin? Active ingredient: doxorubicin hydrochloride Inactive ingredients for Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection: sodium chloride, and hydrochloric acid, USP. Manufactured by: Gland Pharma Limited Visakhapatnam-530049, Andhra Pradesh, India. For more information, call 864-879-9994. This Patient Information has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Revised: April 2023
Information For Patients Table
Clinical Studies
14 CLINICAL STUDIES 14.1 Adjuvant Breast Cancer The efficacy of doxorubicin hydrochloride-containing regimens for the post-operative, adjuvant treatment of surgically resected breast cancer was evaluated in a meta-analysis conducted by the Early Breast Cancer Trialists Collaborative Group (EBCTCG). The EBCTCG meta-analyses compared cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil (CMF) to no chemotherapy (19 trials including 7523 patients) and doxorubicin hydrochloride-containing regimens with CMF as an active control (6 trials including 3510 patients). Data from the meta-analysis of trials comparing CMF to no therapy were used to establish the historical treatment effect size for CMF regimens. The major efficacy outcome measures were disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Of the 3510 women (2157 received doxorubicin hydrochloride-containing regimens and 1353 received CMF treatment) with early breast cancer involving axillary lymph nodes included in the six trials from the meta-analyses, approximately 70% were premenopausal and 30% were postmenopausal. At the time of the meta-analysis, 1745 first recurrences and 1348 deaths had occurred. The analyses demonstrated that doxorubicin hydrochloride-containing regimens retained at least 75% of the historical CMF adjuvant effect on DFS with a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.91 (95% CI: 0.82,1.01) and on OS with a HR of 0.91 (95% CI: 0.81, 1.03). Efficacy results are provided in Table 3 and Figures 1 and 2. Table 3. Summary of Randomized Trials Comparing Doxorubicin Hydrochloride-Containing Regimens Versus CMF in Meta-Analysis Study (starting year) Regimens No. of Cycles No. of Patients Doxorubicin Hydrochloride-Containing Regimens vs. CMF HR** (95% CI) DFS OS NSABP B-15 (1984) AC CMF 4 6 1562* 776 0.93 (0.82, 1.06) 0.97 (0.83, 1.12) SECSG 2 (1976) FAC CMF 6 6 260 268 0.86 (0.66, 1.13) 0.93 (0.69, 1.26) ONCOFRANCE (1978) FACV CMF 12 12 138 113 0.71 (0.49, 1.03) 0.65 (0.44, 0.96) SE Sweden BCG A (1980) AC CMF 6 6 21 22 0.59 (0.22, 1.61) 0.53 (0.21, 1.37) NSABC Israel Br0283 (1983) AVbCMF† CMF 4 6 6 55 50 0.91 (0.53, 1.57) 0.88 (0.47, 1.63) Austrian BCSG 3 (1984) CMFVA CMF 6 8 121 124 1.07 (0.73, 1.55) 0.93 (0.64, 1.35) Combined Studies Doxorubicin Hydrochloride-Containing Regimen CMF 2157 1353 0.91 (0.82, 1.01) 0.91 (0.81, 1.03) Abbreviations: DFS = disease free survival; OS = overall survival; AC = doxorubicin hydrochloride, cyclophosphamide; AVbCMF = doxorubicin hydrochloride, vinblastine, cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, fluorouracil; CMF = cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, fluorouracil; CMFVA = cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, fluorouracil, vincristine, doxorubicin hydrochloride; FAC = fluorouracil, doxorubicin hydrochloride, cyclophosphamide; FACV = fluorouracil, doxorubicin hydrochloride, cyclophosphamide, vincristine; HR = hazard ratio; CI = confidence interval * Includes pooled data from patients who received either AC alone for 4 cycles, or who were treated with AC for 4 cycles followed by 3 cycles of CMF. ** Hazard ratio of less than 1 indicates that the treatment with doxorubicin hydrochloride-containing regimens is associated with lower risk of disease recurrences or death compared to the treatment with CMF. † Patients received alternating cycles of AVb and CMF. Figure 1. Meta-analysis of Disease-Free Survival Figure 2. Meta-analysis of Overall Survival doxorubicin-spl-graph1 doxorubicin-spl-graph2
Clinical Studies Table
Table 3. Summary of Randomized Trials Comparing Doxorubicin Hydrochloride-Containing Regimens Versus CMF in Meta-Analysis | |||||
Study (starting year) | Regimens | No. of Cycles | No. of Patients | Doxorubicin Hydrochloride-Containing Regimens vs. CMF HR** (95% CI) | |
DFS | OS | ||||
NSABP B-15 (1984) | AC CMF | 4 6 | 1562* 776 | 0.93 (0.82, 1.06) | 0.97 (0.83, 1.12) |
SECSG 2 (1976) | FAC CMF | 6 6 | 260 268 | 0.86 (0.66, 1.13) | 0.93 (0.69, 1.26) |
ONCOFRANCE (1978) | FACV CMF | 12 12 | 138 113 | 0.71 (0.49, 1.03) | 0.65 (0.44, 0.96) |
SE Sweden BCG A (1980) | AC CMF | 6 6 | 21 22 | 0.59 (0.22, 1.61) | 0.53 (0.21, 1.37) |
NSABC Israel Br0283 (1983) | AVbCMF† CMF | 4 6 6 | 55 50 | 0.91 (0.53, 1.57) | 0.88 (0.47, 1.63) |
Austrian BCSG 3 (1984) | CMFVA CMF | 6 8 | 121 124 | 1.07 (0.73, 1.55) | 0.93 (0.64, 1.35) |
Combined Studies | Doxorubicin Hydrochloride-Containing Regimen CMF | 2157 1353 | 0.91 (0.82, 1.01) | 0.91 (0.81, 1.03) |
References
15 REFERENCES 1. "Hazardous Drugs". OSHA . http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/hazardousdrugs/index.html
Geriatric Use
8.5 Geriatric Use Clinical experience in patients who were 65 years of age and older who received doxorubicin hydrochloride-based chemotherapy regimens for metastatic breast cancer showed no overall differences in safety and effectiveness compared with younger patients.
Labor And Delivery
8.2 Lactation Risk Summary Doxorubicin was measured in the milk of one lactating patient after therapy with 70 mg/m 2 of doxorubicin hydrochloride given as a 15-minute intravenous infusion. The peak milk concentration at 24 hours after treatment was 4.4-fold greater than the corresponding plasma concentration. Doxorubicin was detectable in the milk up to 72 hours. There are no data on the effects of doxorubicin hydrochloride on the breastfed child or the effects on milk production. Because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in the breastfed child, advise women not to breastfeed during treatment with Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection and for 10 days after the final dose.
Nursing Mothers
8.3 Females and Males of Reproductive Potential Pregnancy Testing Verify the pregnancy status of females of reproductive potential prior to initiating Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection. Contraception Females Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection can cause fetal harm when administered to pregnant women [see Use in Specific Populations (8.1) ] . Advise female patients of reproductive potential to use highly effective contraception during treatment with Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection and for 6 months after treatment. [see Use in Specific Populations (8.1) ] . Males Doxorubicin hydrochloride may damage spermatozoa and testicular tissue, resulting in possible genetic fetal abnormalities. Due to the potential for genotoxicity, advise males with female partners of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection and for 3 months after treatment [see Nonclinical Toxicology (13.1) ] . Males with pregnant partners should use condoms during treatment and for at least 10 days after the final dose [see Nonclinical Toxicology (13.1), Use in Specific Populations (8.1) ] . Infertility Females In females of reproductive potential, Doxorubicin hydrochloride may cause infertility and result in amenorrhea. Premature menopause can occur. Recovery of menses and ovulation is related to age at treatment [see Nonclinical Toxicology (13.1) ] . Males Doxorubicin hydrochloride may result in oligospermia, azoospermia, and permanent loss of fertility. Sperm counts have been reported to return to normal levels in some men. This may occur several years after the end of therapy [see Nonclinical Toxicology (13.1) ].
Pediatric Use
8.4 Pediatric Use Based on postmarketing reports, pediatric patients treated with doxorubicin hydrochloride are at risk for developing late cardiovascular dysfunction. Risk factors include young age at treatment (especially < 5 years), high cumulative doses and receipt of combined modality therapy. Long-term periodic cardiovascular monitoring is recommended for all pediatric patients who have received doxorubicin hydrochloride. Doxorubicin hydrochloride, as a component of intensive chemotherapy regimens administered to pediatric patients, may contribute to prepubertal growth failure and may also contribute to gonadal impairment, which is usually temporary. There are no recommended dose adjustments based on age. Doxorubicin clearance was increased in patients aged 2 years to 20 years as compared to adults, while doxorubicin clearance was similar in infants less than 2 years as compared to adults [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] .
Pregnancy
8.1 Pregnancy Risk Summary Based on findings in animals and its mechanism of action, Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman; avoid the use of Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection during the 1 st trimester. Available human data do not establish the presence or absence of major birth defects and miscarriage related to the use of doxorubicin hydrochloride during the 2 nd and 3 rd trimesters. Doxorubicin hydrochloride was teratogenic and embryotoxic in rats and embryotoxic in rabbits when administered during organogenesis at doses approximately 0.07 times (based on body surface area) the recommended human dose of 60 mg/m 2 (see Data) . Advise pregnant women of the potential risk to a fetus. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2 to 4% and 15 to 20%, respectively. Data Animal Data Doxorubicin hydrochloride was teratogenic and embryotoxic at doses of 0.8 mg/kg/day (about 0.07 times the recommended human dose based on body surface area) when administered during the period of organogenesis in rats. Teratogenicity and embryotoxicity were also seen using discrete periods of treatment. The most susceptible was the 6- to 9-day gestation period at doses of 1.25 mg/kg/day and greater. Characteristic malformations included esophageal and intestinal atresia, tracheo-esophageal fistula, hypoplasia of the urinary bladder, and cardiovascular anomalies. Doxorubicin hydrochloride was embryotoxic (increase in embryofetal deaths) and abortifacient at 0.4 mg/kg/day (about 0.07 times the recommended human dose based on body surface area) in rabbits when administered during the period of organogenesis.
Use In Specific Populations
8 USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS • Lactation : Advise not to breastfeed ( 8.2 ). • Females and Males of Reproductive Potential : May impair fertility ( 8.3 ). 8.1 Pregnancy Risk Summary Based on findings in animals and its mechanism of action, Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman; avoid the use of Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection during the 1 st trimester. Available human data do not establish the presence or absence of major birth defects and miscarriage related to the use of doxorubicin hydrochloride during the 2 nd and 3 rd trimesters. Doxorubicin hydrochloride was teratogenic and embryotoxic in rats and embryotoxic in rabbits when administered during organogenesis at doses approximately 0.07 times (based on body surface area) the recommended human dose of 60 mg/m 2 (see Data) . Advise pregnant women of the potential risk to a fetus. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2 to 4% and 15 to 20%, respectively. Data Animal Data Doxorubicin hydrochloride was teratogenic and embryotoxic at doses of 0.8 mg/kg/day (about 0.07 times the recommended human dose based on body surface area) when administered during the period of organogenesis in rats. Teratogenicity and embryotoxicity were also seen using discrete periods of treatment. The most susceptible was the 6- to 9-day gestation period at doses of 1.25 mg/kg/day and greater. Characteristic malformations included esophageal and intestinal atresia, tracheo-esophageal fistula, hypoplasia of the urinary bladder, and cardiovascular anomalies. Doxorubicin hydrochloride was embryotoxic (increase in embryofetal deaths) and abortifacient at 0.4 mg/kg/day (about 0.07 times the recommended human dose based on body surface area) in rabbits when administered during the period of organogenesis. 8.2 Lactation Risk Summary Doxorubicin was measured in the milk of one lactating patient after therapy with 70 mg/m 2 of doxorubicin hydrochloride given as a 15-minute intravenous infusion. The peak milk concentration at 24 hours after treatment was 4.4-fold greater than the corresponding plasma concentration. Doxorubicin was detectable in the milk up to 72 hours. There are no data on the effects of doxorubicin hydrochloride on the breastfed child or the effects on milk production. Because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in the breastfed child, advise women not to breastfeed during treatment with Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection and for 10 days after the final dose. 8.3 Females and Males of Reproductive Potential Pregnancy Testing Verify the pregnancy status of females of reproductive potential prior to initiating Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection. Contraception Females Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection can cause fetal harm when administered to pregnant women [see Use in Specific Populations (8.1) ] . Advise female patients of reproductive potential to use highly effective contraception during treatment with Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection and for 6 months after treatment. [see Use in Specific Populations (8.1) ] . Males Doxorubicin hydrochloride may damage spermatozoa and testicular tissue, resulting in possible genetic fetal abnormalities. Due to the potential for genotoxicity, advise males with female partners of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection and for 3 months after treatment [see Nonclinical Toxicology (13.1) ] . Males with pregnant partners should use condoms during treatment and for at least 10 days after the final dose [see Nonclinical Toxicology (13.1), Use in Specific Populations (8.1) ] . Infertility Females In females of reproductive potential, Doxorubicin hydrochloride may cause infertility and result in amenorrhea. Premature menopause can occur. Recovery of menses and ovulation is related to age at treatment [see Nonclinical Toxicology (13.1) ] . Males Doxorubicin hydrochloride may result in oligospermia, azoospermia, and permanent loss of fertility. Sperm counts have been reported to return to normal levels in some men. This may occur several years after the end of therapy [see Nonclinical Toxicology (13.1) ]. 8.4 Pediatric Use Based on postmarketing reports, pediatric patients treated with doxorubicin hydrochloride are at risk for developing late cardiovascular dysfunction. Risk factors include young age at treatment (especially < 5 years), high cumulative doses and receipt of combined modality therapy. Long-term periodic cardiovascular monitoring is recommended for all pediatric patients who have received doxorubicin hydrochloride. Doxorubicin hydrochloride, as a component of intensive chemotherapy regimens administered to pediatric patients, may contribute to prepubertal growth failure and may also contribute to gonadal impairment, which is usually temporary. There are no recommended dose adjustments based on age. Doxorubicin clearance was increased in patients aged 2 years to 20 years as compared to adults, while doxorubicin clearance was similar in infants less than 2 years as compared to adults [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] . 8.5 Geriatric Use Clinical experience in patients who were 65 years of age and older who received doxorubicin hydrochloride-based chemotherapy regimens for metastatic breast cancer showed no overall differences in safety and effectiveness compared with younger patients. 8.6 Hepatic Impairment The clearance of doxorubicin was reduced in patients with elevated serum total bilirubin levels. Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection is contraindicated in patients with severe hepatic impairment (defined as Child Pugh Class C or serum bilirubin levels greater than 5 mg/dL) [see Contraindications (4) ] . Reduce the dose of Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection in patients with serum total bilirubin levels greater than 1.2 mg/dL [See Dosage and Administration (2.4) , Warnings and Precautions (5.5) ] .
How Supplied
16 HOW SUPPLIED/STORAGE AND HANDLING Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection, USP is supplied as follows: NDC Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection, USP (2 mg/mL) Package Factor 68083-248-01 10 mg/5 mL Single-Dose Vial 1 vial per carton 68083-249-01 50 mg/25 mL Single-Dose Vial 1 vial per carton Protect from light. Retain in carton until time of use. Discard unused portion. NDC Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection, USP (2 mg/mL) Package Factor 68083-250-01 200 mg/100 mL Multi-Dose Vial 1 vial per carton Protect from light. Retain in carton until contents are used. Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection, USP is a sterile parenteral, as a clear red isotonic solution, available in clear flip-top glass vials. Storage Conditions Store refrigerated between 2° and 8°C (36° and 46°F). Storage of Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection under refrigerated conditions can result in the formation of a gelled product. Place gelled product at room temperature [15º to 30ºC (59º to 86ºF)] for 2 to 4 hours to return the product to a slightly viscous, mobile solution. Handling and Disposal Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection is a cytotoxic drug. Follow applicable special handling and disposal procedures. 1 Sterile, Nonpyrogenic, Preservative-free. The container closure is not made with natural rubber latex.
How Supplied Table
NDC | Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection, USP (2 mg/mL) | Package Factor |
68083-248-01 | 10 mg/5 mL Single-Dose Vial | 1 vial per carton |
68083-249-01 | 50 mg/25 mL Single-Dose Vial | 1 vial per carton |
Boxed Warning
WARNING: CARDIOMYOPATHY, SECONDARY MALIGNANCIES, EXTRAVASATION AND TISSUE NECROSIS, and SEVERE MYELOSUPPRESSION Cardiomyopathy: Myocardial damage, including acute left ventricular failure, can occur with doxorubicin hydrochloride. The risk of cardiomyopathy is proportional to the cumulative exposure with incidence rates from 1% to 20% for cumulative doses ranging from 300 mg/m 2 to 500 mg/m 2 when doxorubicin hydrochloride is administered every 3 weeks. The risk of cardiomyopathy is further increased with concomitant cardiotoxic therapy. Assess left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) before and regularly during and after treatment with doxorubicin hydrochloride [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ] . Secondary Malignancies: Secondary acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) occur at a higher incidence in patients treated with anthracyclines, including doxorubicin hydrochloride [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ] . Extravasation and Tissue Necrosis: Extravasation of doxorubicin hydrochloride can result in severe local tissue injury and necrosis requiring wide excision of the affected area and skin grafting. Immediately terminate the drug and apply ice to the affected area [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3) ] . Severe myelosuppression resulting in serious infection, septic shock, requirement for transfusions, hospitalization, and death may occur [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4) ] . WARNING: CARDIOMYOPATHY, SECONDARY MALIGNANCIES, EXTRAVASATION AND TISSUE NECROSIS, and SEVERE MYELOSUPPRESSION See full prescribing information for complete boxed warning. Cardiomyopathy: Myocardial damage can occur with doxorubicin hydrochloride with incidences from 1% to 20% for cumulative doses from 300 mg/m 2 to 500 mg/m 2 when doxorubicin hydrochloride is administered every 3 weeks. The risk of cardiomyopathy is further increased with concomitant cardiotoxic therapy. Assess left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) before and regularly during and after treatment with doxorubicin hydrochloride. ( 5.1 ) Secondary Malignancies: Secondary acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) occur at a higher incidence in patients treated with anthracyclines, including doxorubicin hydrochloride. ( 5.2 ) Extravasation and Tissue Necrosis: Extravasation of doxorubicin hydrochloride can result in severe local tissue injury and necrosis requiring wide excision and skin grafting. Immediately terminate the drug, and apply ice to the affected area. ( 5.3 ) Severe myelosuppression resulting in serious infection, septic shock, requirement for transfusions, hospitalization, and death may occur. ( 5.4 )
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