Fluvoxamine Maleate

6 ADVERSE REACTIONS Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in clinical practice. Most common reactions in controlled trials with OCD patients and patients from another studied population (incidence ≥5% and at least twice that for placebo) were abnormal ejaculation, anorexia, anorgasmia, asthenia, diarrhea, nausea, somnolence, sweating and tremor ( 6.2 ) . The following additional reactions occurred: anxiety, decreased libido, myalgia, pharyngitis, and vomiting in the OCD population; and dyspepsia, dizziness, insomnia, and yawning in another studied population. To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Par Pharmaceutical at 1-800-828-9393 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch. 6.1 Clinical Trial Data Sources Fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules were studied in one 12-week controlled trial in patients with OCD (N = 124; mean exposure 66.6 days) and in two 12-week controlled trials for another condition (N = 279; mean exposure 59.2 days). Patients in these trials were initiated on 100 mg/day and were titrated in 50 mg increments over the first 6 weeks to within a range of 100 mg to 300 mg/day. The reactions listed in Table 2 show reactions from the two populations separately. Table 3 shows reactions from the three controlled studies combined. 6.2 Adverse Reactions Observed in Controlled Trials Adverse Reactions Associated with Discontinuation of Treatment: Of the 124 patients with OCD and 279 patients in other studies treated with fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules in controlled clinical trials, 19% and 26% discontinued treatment due to an adverse reaction. The most common reactions (≥1%) associated with discontinuation and considered to be drug related (i.e., those reactions associated with dropout at a rate at least twice that of placebo) were anorexi a (including, but not limited to, loss of appetite and decreased appetite) (1%), anxiety (3%), asthenia (3%), diarrhea (2%), dizziness (4%), headache (2%), insomnia (5%), nausea (7%), nervousness (1%), somnolence (5%), and thinking abnormal (1%) . Commonly Observed Adverse Reactions: Fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules have been studied in one controlled trial in patients with OCD (N = 124) and two controlled trials for another condition (N = 279). In general, adverse reaction rates were similar in the two data sets as well as in a study of pediatric patients with OCD treated with immediate-release fluvoxamine maleate tablets. The most commonly observed treatment-emergent adverse reactions associated with the use of fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules and likely to be drug-related (incidence of 5% or greater and at least twice that for placebo) and derived from Table 2 were: abnormal ejaculation, anorexia, anorgasmia, asthenia, diarrhea, nausea, somnolence, sweating, and tremor . In the one controlled trial in patients with OCD, the following additional reactions occurred at an incidence of 5% or greater and at least twice that for placebo: anxiety, decreased libido, myalgia, pharyngitis, and vomiting . The following additional reactions occurred in another studied population: dyspepsia, dizziness, insomnia, and yawning . In a study evaluating immediate-release fluvoxamine maleate tablets in pediatric patients with OCD, the following additional reactions were identified using the above rule: agitation, depression, dysmenorrhea, flatulence, hyperkinesia, and rash. Adverse Reactions Occurring at an Incidence of ≥ 2%: Table 2 enumerates adverse reactions that occurred in adults at a frequency of 2% or more, and were more frequent than in the placebo group, among patients treated with fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules in two short-term, placebo-controlled trials (12 weeks) in another population and one short-term placebo-controlled OCD trial (12 weeks) and in which patients were dosed once-a-day in a range of 100 to 300 mg/day. This table shows the percentage of patients in each group who had at least one occurrence of a reaction at some time during their treatment. Reported adverse reactions were classified using a COSTART-based Dictionary terminology. The prescriber should be aware that these figures cannot be used to predict the incidence of side effects in the course of usual medical practice where patient characteristics and other factors may differ from those that prevailed in the clinical trials. Similarly, the cited frequencies cannot be compared with figures obtained from other clinical investigations involving different treatments, uses, and investigators. The cited figures, however, do provide the prescribing health care provider with some basis for estimating the relative contribution of drug and non-drug factors to the side-effect incidence rate in the population studied. TABLE 2 TREATMENT-EMERGENT ADVERSE REACTION INCIDENCE RATES BY BODY SYSTEM IN ADULT OCD PATIENTS AND ANOTHER STUDIED POPULATION 1 PERCENTAGE OF PATIENTS REPORTING REACTION OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE DISORDER OTHER STUDIED POPULATION BODY SYSTEM/ ADVERSE REACTION FLUVOXAMINE MALEATE EXTENDED-RELEASE CAPSULES N = 124 PLACEBO N = 124 FLUVOXAMINE MALEATE EXTENDED-RELEASE CAPSULES N = 279 PLACEBO N = 276 BODY AS A WHOLE Headache 32 31 35 30 Asthenia 26 8 24 10 Pain 2 10 8 -- -- Abdominal Pain -- -- 5 4 Accidental Injury 5 3 – – Chest Pain -- -- 3 1 Viral Infection 2 <1 -- -- CARDIOVASCULAR Palpitation -- -- 3 1 Vasodilatation -- -- 2 <1 Hypertension 2 <1 -- -- DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Nausea 34 13 39 11 Diarrhea 18 8 14 5 Anorexia 3 13 5 14 1 Dyspepsia 8 5 10 4 Constipation 4 <1 6 5 Vomiting 6 2 -- -- Tooth Disorder 2 <1 -- -- Liver Function Test Abnormal -- -- 2 <1 Gingivitis 2 0 -- -- HEMIC AND LYMPHATIC Ecchymosis 4 2 -- -- METABOLIC AND NUTRITIONAL DISORDERS Weight Loss 2 <1 -- -- MUSCULOSKELETAL Myalgia 5 2 -- -- NERVOUS SYSTEM Insomnia 35 20 32 13 Somnolence 27 11 26 9 Dizziness 12 10 15 7 Dry Mouth 10 9 11 8 Nervousness -- -- 10 9 Libido Decreased 6 2 6 4 Male 10 5 8 6 Female 4 1 4 3 Anxiety 6 2 8 5 Tremor 6 0 8 <1 Abnormal Thinking 3 <1 3 2 Abnormal Dreams -- -- 3 2 Agitation 2 <1 3 <1 Hypertonia -- -- 2 1 Apathy 3 0 -- -- Paresthesia -- -- 3 2 Neurosis 2 <1 -- -- Twitching 2 0 -- -- RESPIRATORY SYSTEM Pharyngitis 6 <1 -- -- Yawn 2 0 5 <1 Laryngitis 3 0 -- -- Bronchitis -- -- 2 1 Epistaxis 2 0 -- -- SKIN Sweating 7 <1 6 2 Acne 2 0 -- -- SPECIAL SENSES Taste Perversion 2 <1 2 <1 Amblyopia 2 <1 -- -- UROGENITAL Abnormal Ejaculation 10 0 11 2 Anorgasmia 5 0 5 1 Male 4 0 4 2 Female 5 0 5 0 Menorrhagia 3 0 - - Sexual Function Abnormal 2 <1 3 <1 Male 4 3 2 1 Female 0 0 3 0 Urinary Tract Infection -- -- 2 <1 Polyuria 2 <1 -- -- 1 Events for which fluvoxamine maleate incidence was equal to or less than placebo include the following for OCD patients: abdominal pain, flu syndrome, infection, palpitation, flatulence, increased appetite, weight gain, abnormal dreams, amnesia, hypertonia, nervousness, paresthesia, increased cough, dyspnea, rhinitis, and ear pain. In the other studied population the following events were seen: abdominal pain, accidental injury, back pain, flu syndrome, infection, pain, flatulence, pharyngitis, rhinitis, rash, and dysmenorrhea. 2 Term includes body aches/pains, dental pain, pain from surgery, unspecified pain, and general pain secondary to injuries (sprains, fractures). 3 Includes, but is not limited to, loss of appetite and decreased appetite. 6.3 Other Adverse Reactions in OCD Pediatric Population In pediatric patients (N=57) treated with immediate-release fluvoxamine maleate tablets, the overall profile of adverse reactions was generally similar to that seen in adult studies, as shown in Table 2 . However, the following adverse reactions, not appearing in Table 2 , were reported in two or more of the pediatric patients and were more frequent with immediate-release fluvoxamine maleate tablets than with placebo: cough increase, dysmenorrhea, ecchymosis, emotional lability, epistaxis, hyperkinesia, manic reaction, rash, sinusitis, and weight decrease. 6.4 Male and Female Sexual Dysfunction with SSRIs Although changes in sexual desire, sexual performance, and sexual satisfaction often occur as manifestations of a psychiatric disorder and with aging, they may also be a consequence of pharmacologic treatment. In particular, some evidence suggests that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) can cause such untoward sexual experiences. Reliable estimates of the incidence and severity of untoward experiences involving sexual desire, performance, and satisfaction are difficult to obtain, however, in part because patients and health care providers may be reluctant to discuss them. Accordingly, estimates of the incidence of untoward sexual experience and performance cited in product labeling are likely to underestimate their actual incidence. Table 3 displays the incidence of sexual side effects reported by at least 2% of patients taking fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules in placebo-controlled trials. TABLE 3 PERCENTAGE OF PATIENTS REPORTING SEXUAL ADVERSE REACTIONS IN PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIALS Fluvoxamine Maleate Extended-Release Capsules N = 403 Placebo N = 400 Abnormal Ejaculation 11 2 Anorgasmia Male 4 1 Female 5 0 Impotence 2 2 Libido Decreased Male 8 5 Female 4 2 Sexual Function Abnormal Male 3 1 Female 2 0 Fluvoxamine treatment has been associated with several cases of priapism. In those cases with a known outcome, patients recovered without sequelae and upon discontinuation of fluvoxamine. While it is difficult to know the precise risk of sexual dysfunction associated with the use of SSRIs, health care providers should routinely inquire about such possible side effects. 6.5 Weight and Vital Sign Changes No statistically significant differences in weight gain or loss were found between patients treated with fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules or placebo. Comparisons of immediate-release fluvoxamine maleate tablets or fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules versus placebo groups in separate short-term trials on (1) median change from baseline on various vital signs variables and on (2) incidence of patients meeting criteria for potentially important changes from baseline on various measures of vital signs variables revealed no important differences between fluvoxamine maleate and placebo. 6.6 Laboratory Changes Comparisons of immediate-release fluvoxamine maleate tablets or fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules versus placebo groups in separate short-term trials on (1) median change from baseline on various serum chemistry, hematology, and urinalysis variables and on (2) incidence of patients meeting criteria for potentially important changes from baseline on various serum chemistry, hematology, and urinalysis variables revealed no important differences between fluvoxamine maleate and placebo. 6.7 ECG Changes Comparisons of immediate-release fluvoxamine maleate tablets or fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules and placebo groups in separate pools of short-term OCD and depression trials on (1) mean change from baseline on various ECG variables and on (2) incidence of patients meeting criteria for potentially important changes from baseline on various ECG variables revealed no important differences between fluvoxamine maleate and placebo. 6.8 Other Reactions Observed During the Premarketing Evaluation of Fluvoxamine During premarketing clinical trials conducted in North America and Europe, multiple doses of fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules or immediate-release fluvoxamine maleate tablets were administered for a combined total of 3219 patient exposures in patients suffering OCD or other studied disorders. These exposures include 482 patient exposures with fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules and 2737 patient exposures with immediate-release fluvoxamine maleate tablets. Untoward reactions associated with this exposure were recorded by clinical investigators using descriptive terminology of their own choosing. Consequently, it is not possible to provide a meaningful estimate of the proportion of individuals experiencing adverse reactions without first grouping similar types of untoward reactions into a limited (i.e., reduced) number of standard reaction categories. In the tabulations that follow, a COSTART-based Dictionary terminology has been used to classify reported adverse reactions. If the COSTART term for a reaction was so general as to be uninformative, it was replaced with a more informative term when possible. The frequencies presented, therefore, represent the proportion of the total patient exposures to multiple doses of fluvoxamine maleate who experienced a reaction of the type cited on at least one occasion while receiving fluvoxamine maleate. Reactions are further classified within body system categories and enumerated in order of decreasing frequency using the following definitions: frequent adverse reactions are defined as those occurring on one or more occasions in at least 1/100 patients; infrequent adverse reactions are those occurring between 1/100 and 1/1000 patients; and rare adverse reactions are those occurring in less than 1/1000 patients. It is important to emphasize that, although the events reported did occur during treatment with fluvoxamine maleate, a causal relationship to fluvoxamine maleate has not been established. For fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules, all reported events are included in the list below, with the following exclusions: 1) those events already listed in Table 2 or previous sections of this prescribing information; 2) those events for which there is no basis to suspect a causal relationship; and 3) events that were reported in only one patient and judged not to be potentially serious. Body as a Whole: Infrequent : chills, malaise, photosensitivity reaction, suicide attempt. Cardiovascular System: Infrequent: syncope. Digestive System: Infrequent: eructation, increased salivation. Metabolic and Nutritional Disorders: Frequent : weight gain. Nervous System: Infrequent: confusion, incoordination, sleep disorder, suicidal tendency. Skin and Appendages: Infrequent: eczema, urticaria. Special Senses: Infrequent: dry eyes, photophobia, taste loss. Urogenital System: Infrequent: vaginal hemorrhage 1 . 1 Based on the number of females. For immediate-release fluvoxamine tablets, all reported events are included in the list below, with the following exclusions: 1) those events already listed in Table 2 , in previous sections of this prescribing information, or in the fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules list of Other Reactions Observed During Premarketing Evaluation; 2) those events for which there is no basis to suspect a causal relationship; and 3) events that were reported in only one patient and judged not to be potentially serious. Body as a Whole: Infrequent: allergic reaction, neck pain, neck rigidity, overdose; Rare: sudden death. Cardiovascular System: Frequent: hypotension; Infrequent: angina pectoris, bradycardia, cardiomyopathy, cardiovascular disease, cold extremities, conduction delay, myocardial infarction, pallor, pulse irregular, ST segment changes; Rare: AV block, cerebrovascular accident, embolus, pericarditis, phlebitis, pulmonary infarction, supraventricular extrasystoles. Digestive System: Frequent: elevated liver transaminases; Infrequent: colitis, esophagitis, gastritis, gastroenteritis, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, gastrointestinal ulcer, glossitis, hemorrhoids, melena, rectal hemorrhage, stomatitis; Rare: biliary pain, cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, fecal incontinence, hematemesis, intestinal obstruction, jaundice. Endocrine System: Infrequent: hypothyroidism; Rare: goiter. Hemic and Lymphatic Systems: Infrequent: leukocytosis, lymphadenopathy, thrombocytopenia; Rare: leukopenia, purpura. Metabolic and Nutritional Systems: Frequent: edema; Infrequent: dehydration, hypercholesterolemia; Rare: diabetes mellitus, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, hypoglycemia, hypokalemia, lactate dehydrogenase increased. Musculoskeletal System: Infrequent: arthralgia, arthritis, bursitis, generalized muscle spasm, myasthenia; Rare: myopathy. Nervous System: Frequent: amnesia, apathy, hyperkinesia, hypokinesia, manic reaction, myoclonus, psychotic reaction; Infrequent: agoraphobia, akathisia, ataxia, CNS depression, convulsion, delirium, delusion, depersonalization, dyskinesia, dystonia, emotional lability, euphoria, extrapyramidal syndrome, gait unsteady, hallucinations, hemiplegia, hostility, hypersomnia, hypochondriasis, hypotonia, hysteria, increased libido, paralysis, paranoid reaction, phobia, psychosis, stupor, twitching, vertigo; Rare: akinesia, coma, fibrillations, mutism, obsessions, reflexes decreased, slurred speech, tardive dyskinesia, torticollis, trismus, withdrawal syndrome. Respiratory System: Frequent: cough increased, sinusitis; Infrequent: asthma, bronchitis, hoarseness, hyperventilation; Rare: apnea, congestion of upper airway, hemoptysis, hiccups, laryngismus, obstructive pulmonary disease, pneumonia. Skin: Infrequent: alopecia, dry skin, exfoliative dermatitis, furunculosis, seborrhea, skin discoloration. Special Senses: Infrequent: accommodation abnormal, conjunctivitis, diplopia, eye pain, mydriasis, otitis media, parosmia, visual field defect; Rare: corneal ulcer. Urogenital System : Infrequent: anuria, cystitis, delayed menstruation 1 , dysuria, female lactation 1 , hematuria, menopause 1 , metrorrhagia 1 , nocturia, premenstrual syndrome 1 , urination impaired, vaginitis 1 ; Rare: kidney calculus, hematospermia 2 , oliguria. 1 Based on the number of females. 2 Based on the number of males. 6.9 Postmarketing Reports The following adverse reactions have been identified during post-approval use of immediate-release fluvoxamine maleate tablets or fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure. (Reactions that are discussed in other sections of this prescribing information are not repeated here.) These reactions include: activation syndrome, aggression, agranulocytosis, anaphylactic reaction, anger, blood glucose increased, bruxism, cardio-respiratory arrest, crying, dysarthria, dysphagia, electrocardiogram QT prolonged, fall, fatigue, feeling drunk, feeling jittery, gait disturbance, gastroesophageal reflux disease, glossodynia, hepatitis, homicidal ideation, impulsive behavior, ileus, inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion, interstitial lung disease, irritability, loss of consciousness, lethargy, muscular weakness, Parkinsonism, pancreatitis, pyrexia, renal impairment, rhabdomyolysis, self injurious behavior, shock, somnolence neonatal, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, tachycardia, urinary retention, ventricular arrhythmia, ventricular tachycardia (including torsades de pointes known to cause cardiac arrest, sometimes fatal), vision blurred, white blood cell count decreased.

4 CONTRAINDICATIONS Coadministration of thioridazine, tizanidine, pimozide, alosetron, or ramelteon with fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules is contraindicated (see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS [ 5.4 - 5.8 ] ). Coadministration of thioridazine, tizanidine, pimozide, alosetron, or ramelteon ( 4 ). Serotonin Syndrome and MAOIs: Do not use MAOIs intended to treat psychiatric disorders with fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules or within 14 days of stopping treatment with fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules. Do not use fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules within 14 days of stopping an MAOI intended to treat psychiatric disorders. In addition, do not start fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules in a patient who is being treated with linezolid or intravenous methylene blue ( 4.1 ). 4.1 Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs) The use of MAOIs intended to treat psychiatric disorders with fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules or within 14 days of stopping treatment with fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules are contraindicated because of an increased risk of serotonin syndrome. The use of fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules within 14 days of stopping an MAOI intended to treat psychiatric disorders is also contraindicated (see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION [ 2.5 ] and WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS [ 5.2 ] ) . Starting fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules in a patient who is being treated with MAOIs such as linezolid or intravenous methylene blue is also contraindicated because of an increased risk of serotonin syndrome (see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION [ 2.6 ] and WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS [ 5.2 ]).

11 DESCRIPTION Fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules are an extended-release capsule for oral administration that contains fluvoxamine maleate, a selective serotonin (5-HT) reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) belonging to the chemical series, the 2-aminoethyl oxime ethers of aralkylketones. Fluvoxamine maleate is chemically designated as 5-methoxy-4’-(trifluoromethyl) valerophenone-(E)-O-(2-aminoethyl)oxime maleate (1:1) and has the empirical formula C 15 H 21 O 2 N 2 F 3 •C 4 H 4 O 4 . Its molecular weight is 434.41. The structural formula is: Fluvoxamine maleate is a white to off-white, odorless, crystalline powder that is sparingly soluble in water, freely soluble in ethanol and chloroform, and practically insoluble in diethyl ether. Fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules are available in 100 mg and 150 mg strengths for oral administration. In addition to the active ingredient, fluvoxamine maleate, each capsule contains the following inactive ingredients: black iron oxide, dehydrated alcohol, ethylcellulose, gelatin, hydroxypropyl cellulose, isopropyl alcohol, povidone, shellac, sugar spheres, talc, titanium dioxide, triethyl citrate, D&C Red No. 28, and FD&C Blue No. 1. The 100 mg strength also contains FD&C Blue No. 2, FD&C Red No. 40 and D&C Yellow No. 10. structural

2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION Adults: Recommended starting dose is 100 mg at bedtime, with weekly increases of 50 mg as tolerated to maximum effect, not to exceed 300 mg/day ( 2.1 ) . Pediatric patients naïve to fluvoxamine maleate: The lowest available dose of fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules may not be appropriate ( 2.2 ) . Hepatically impaired: Decreased clearance may require modified dose and titration ( 2.3 ) . Extended treatment: Adjust dose to maintain lowest effective dose; reassess patients periodically ( 2.4 ). Discontinuation: Gradual dose reduction is recommended ( 2.7 , see Warnings and Precautions [ 5.10 ] ). 2.1 OCD (Obsessive Compulsive Disorder) The recommended starting dose is 100 mg at bedtime, with weekly increases of 50 mg as tolerated to maximum therapeutic benefit, not to exceed 300 mg per day. Capsules should not be crushed or chewed. 2.2 Pediatric Patients Naïve to Fluvoxamine Maleate Physicians should consider that the lowest available dose of fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules may not be appropriate for pediatric patients naïve to fluvoxamine maleate. 2.3 Dosage for Elderly or Hepatically Impaired Patients Elderly patients and those with hepatic impairment have been observed to have a decreased clearance of fluvoxamine maleate. Consequently, it may be appropriate to titrate slowly following the initial dose of 100 mg in these patient groups. 2.4 Maintenance/Continuation of Extended Treatment Although the efficacy of fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules beyond 12 weeks of dosing has not been documented in controlled trials, OCD is a chronic condition, and it is reasonable to consider continuation for a responding patient. The benefit of maintaining patients with OCD on immediate-release fluvoxamine maleate tablets after achieving a response for an average duration of about 4 weeks in a 10-week single-blind phase during which patients were titrated to effect was demonstrated in a controlled trial (see CLINICAL TRIALS [ 14.2 ]). Dosage adjustments should be made to maintain the patient on the lowest effective dosage, and patients should be periodically reassessed to determine the need for continued treatment. 2.5 Switching a Patient To or From a Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor (MAOI) Intended to Treat Psychiatric Disorders At least 14 days should elapse between discontinuation of an MAOI intended to treat psychiatric disorders and initiation of therapy with fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules. Conversely, at least 14 days should be allowed after stopping fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules before starting an MAOI intended to treat psychiatric disorders (see CONTRAINDICATIONS [ 4.1 ] ). 2.6 Use of Fluvoxamine Maleate Extended-Release Capsules with Other MAOIs such as Linezolid or Methylene Blue Do not start fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules in a patient who is being treated with linezolid or intravenous methylene blue because there is an increased risk of serotonin syndrome. In a patient who requires more urgent treatment of a psychiatric condition, other interventions, including hospitalization, should be considered (see CONTRAINDICATIONS [ 4.1 ] ). In some cases, a patient already receiving fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules therapy may require urgent treatment with linezolid or intravenous methylene blue. If acceptable alternatives to linezolid or intravenous methylene blue treatment are not available and the potential benefits of linezolid or intravenous methylene blue treatment are judged to outweigh the risks of serotonin syndrome in a particular patient, fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules should be stopped promptly, and linezolid or intravenous methylene blue can be administered. The patient should be monitored for symptoms of serotonin syndrome for two weeks or until 24 hours after the last dose of linezolid or intravenous methylene blue, whichever comes first. Therapy with fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules may be resumed 24 hours after the last dose of linezolid or intravenous methylene blue (see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS [ 5.2 ] ). The risk of administering methylene blue by non-intravenous routes (such as oral tablets or by local injection) or in intravenous doses much lower than 1 mg/kg with fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules are unclear. The clinician should, nevertheless, be aware of the possibility of emergent symptoms of serotonin syndrome with such use (see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS [ 5.2 ] ). 2.7 Discontinuation of Treatment with Fluvoxamine Maleate Extended-Release Capsules Symptoms associated with discontinuation of other SSRIs or SNRIs have been reported (see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS [ 5.10 ] ). Patients should be monitored for these symptoms when discontinuing treatment. A gradual reduction in the dose rather than abrupt cessation is recommended whenever possible. If intolerable symptoms occur following a decrease in the dose or upon discontinuation of treatment, then resuming the previously prescribed dose may be considered. Subsequently, the health care provider may continue decreasing the dose but at a more gradual rate.

1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE Fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules are a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) indicated for the treatment of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) ( 1 ) . Efficacy was demonstrated in: One 12-week study with fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules in adults ( 14.1 ) . Two 10-week studies with immediate-release (IR) fluvoxamine tablets in adults and one 10-week study with IR fluvoxamine tablets in children and adolescents ( 14.1 , 14.3 ) . One maintenance study with IR fluvoxamine tablets ( 14.2 ) . 1.1 Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules are indicated for the treatment of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), as defined in the DSM-IV. Obsessive compulsive disorder is characterized by recurrent and persistent ideas, thoughts, impulses, or images (obsessions) that are ego-dystonic and/or repetitive, purposeful, and intentional behaviors (compulsions) that are recognized by the person as excessive or unreasonable. The obsessions or compulsions cause marked distress, are time-consuming, or significantly interfere with social or occupational functioning. The efficacy of fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules was demonstrated in one 12-week trial in adults with fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules as well as in two 10-week trials in adults and in one 10-week trial in children and adolescents (ages 8 to 17 years) with immediate-release fluvoxamine tablets in outpatients with the diagnosis of OCD as defined in DSM-IV or DSM-III-R (see CLINICAL STUDIES [ 14.1 , 14.3 ] ). The efficacy of fluvoxamine for long-term use was established in one maintenance study in adults with immediate-release fluvoxamine tablets (see CLINICAL STUDIES [ 14.2 ] ). The health care provider who elects to prescribe fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules for extended periods should periodically re-evaluate the long-term usefulness of the drug for the individual patient (see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION [ 2.4 ] ).

9 DRUG ABUSE AND DEPENDENCE 9.1 Controlled Substance Class Fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules are not a controlled substance. 9.2 Physical and Psychological Dependence The potential for abuse, tolerance, and physical dependence with immediate-release fluvoxamine maleate has been studied in a nonhuman primate model. No evidence of dependency phenomena was found. The discontinuation effects of fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules were not systematically evaluated in controlled clinical trials. Fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules were not systematically studied in clinical trials for potential for abuse, but there was no indication of drug-seeking behavior in clinical trials. It should be noted, however, that patients at risk for drug dependency were systematically excluded from investigational studies of immediate-release fluvoxamine maleate. Generally, it is not possible to predict on the basis of preclinical or premarketing clinical experience the extent to which a CNS active drug will be misused, diverted, and/or abused once marketed. Consequently, health care providers should carefully evaluate patients for a history of drug abuse and follow such patients closely, observing them for signs of fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules misuse or abuse (i.e., development of tolerance, incrementation of dose, drug-seeking behavior).

10 OVERDOSAGE 10.1 Human Experience Exposure to immediate-release fluvoxamine maleate tablets includes over 45,000 patients treated in clinical trials and an estimated exposure of 50,000,000 patients treated during worldwide marketing experience (end of 2005). Of the 539 cases of deliberate or accidental overdose involving fluvoxamine reported from this population, there were 55 deaths. Of these, 9 were in patients thought to be taking immediate-release fluvoxamine tablets alone and the remaining 46 were in patients taking fluvoxamine along with other drugs. Among non-fatal overdose cases, 404 patients recovered completely. Five patients experienced adverse sequelae of overdosage, to include persistent mydriasis, unsteady gait, hypoxic encephalopathy, kidney complications (from trauma associated with overdose), bowel infarction requiring a hemicolectomy, and vegetative state. In 13 patients, the outcome was provided as abating at the time of reporting. In the remaining 62 patients, the outcome was unknown. The largest known ingestion of fluvoxamine immediate-release tablets involved 12,000 mg (equivalent to 2 to 3 months’ dosage). The patient fully recovered. However, ingestions as low as 1,400 mg have been associated with lethal outcome, indicating considerable prognostic variability. In the controlled clinical trials with 403 patients treated with fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules, there was one nonfatal intentional overdose. Commonly (≥5%) observed adverse reactions associated with fluvoxamine maleate overdose include gastrointestinal complaints (nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea), coma, hypokalemia, hypotension, respiratory difficulties, somnolence, and tachycardia. Other notable signs and symptoms seen with immediate-release fluvoxamine maleate overdose (single or multiple drugs) include bradycardia, ECG abnormalities (such as heart arrest, QT interval prolongation, first degree atrioventricular block, bundle branch block, and junctional rhythm), convulsions, dizziness, liver function disturbances, tremor, and increased reflexes. 10.2 Management of Overdosage Treatment should consist of those general measures employed in the management of overdosage with any antidepressant. Ensure an adequate airway, oxygenation, and ventilation. Monitor cardiac rhythm and vital signs. General supportive and symptomatic measures are also recommended. Induction of emesis is not recommended. Gastric lavage with a large-bore orogastric tube with appropriate airway protection, if needed, may be indicated if performed soon after ingestion, or in symptomatic patients. Activated charcoal should be administered. Due to the large volume of distribution of this drug, forced diuresis, dialysis, hemoperfusion, and exchange transfusion are unlikely to be of benefit. No specific antidotes for fluvoxamine are known. A specific caution involves patients taking, or recently having taken, fluvoxamine maleate who might ingest excessive quantities of a tricyclic antidepressant. In such a case, accumulation of the parent tricyclic and/or an active metabolite may increase the possibility of clinically significant sequelae and extend the time needed for close medical observation (see DRUG INTERACTIONS [ 7.2 ] ). In managing overdosage, consider the possibility of multiple drug involvement. The health care provider should consider contacting a poison control center for additional information on the treatment of any overdose. Telephone numbers for certified poison control centers are listed in the Physicians’ Desk Reference (PDR).

7 DRUG INTERACTIONS Drug Interactions (not described in Contraindications or Warnings and Precautions) include the following: Drugs Inhibiting or Metabolized by Cytochrome P450: Fluvoxamine inhibits several cytochrome P450 isoenzymes (CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP3A4, and CYP2C19) ( 7.1 ) . Carbamazepine: Elevated carbamazepine levels and symptoms of toxicity with coadministration ( 7.2 ) . Sumatriptan: Rare postmarketing reports of weakness, hyperreflexia, and incoordination following use of an SSRI and sumatriptan. Monitor appropriately if concomitant treatment is clinically warranted ( 7.2 ) . Tacrine: Coadministration increased tacrine C max and AUC five- and eight-fold and caused nausea, vomiting, sweating, and diarrhea ( 7.2 ). Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs): Coadministration significantly increased plasma TCA levels. Use caution; monitor plasma TCA levels; reduce TCA dose if indicated ( 7.2 ) . Tryptophan: Severe vomiting with coadministration ( 7.2 ) . Diltiazem: Bradycardia with coadministration ( 7.3 ) . Propranolol or Metoprolol : Reduce dose if coadministered with fluvoxamine and titrate more cautiously ( 7.3 ) . 7.1 Potential Interactions with Drugs that Inhibit or are Metabolized by Cytochrome P450 Isoenzymes Multiple hepatic cytochrome P450 isoenzymes are involved in the oxidative biotransformation of a large number of structurally different drugs and endogenous compounds. The available knowledge concerning the relationship of fluvoxamine and the cytochrome P450 isoenzyme system has been obtained mostly from pharmacokinetic interaction studies conducted in healthy volunteers, but some preliminary in vitro data are also available. Based on a finding of substantial interactions of fluvoxamine with certain of these drugs (see later parts of this section and also WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS [ 5 ] for details) and limited in vitro data for CYP3A4, it appears that fluvoxamine inhibits several cytochrome P450 isoenzymes that are known to be involved in the metabolism of other drugs such as: CYP1A2 (e.g., warfarin, theophylline, propranolol, tizanidine), CYP2C9 (e.g., warfarin), CYP3A4 (e.g., alprazolam), and CYP2C19 (e.g., omeprazole). In vitro data suggest that fluvoxamine is a relatively weak inhibitor of CYP2D6. Approximately 7% of the normal population has a genetic code that leads to reduced levels of activity of CYP2D6 enzyme. Such individuals have been referred to as “poor metabolizers” (PM) of drugs such as debrisoquin, dextromethorphan, and tricyclic antidepressants. While none of the drugs studied for drug interactions significantly affected the pharmacokinetics of fluvoxamine, an in vivo study of fluvoxamine single-dose pharmacokinetics in 13 PM subjects demonstrated altered pharmacokinetic properties compared to 16 “extensive metabolizers” (EM): mean C max , AUC, and half-life were increased by 52%, 200%, and 62%, respectively, in the PM compared to the EM group. This suggests that fluvoxamine is metabolized, at least in part, by CYP2D6. Caution is indicated in patients known to have reduced levels of cytochrome P450 2D6 activity and those receiving concomitant drugs known to inhibit this cytochrome P450 isoenzyme (e.g., quinidine). The metabolism of fluvoxamine has not been fully characterized and the effects of potent cytochrome P450 isoenzyme inhibition, such as the ketoconazole inhibition of CYP3A4, on fluvoxamine metabolism have not been studied. A clinically significant fluvoxamine interaction is possible with drugs having a narrow therapeutic ratio such as pimozide, warfarin, theophylline, certain benzodiazepines, omeprazole, and phenytoin. If fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules are to be administered together with a drug that is eliminated via oxidative metabolism and has a narrow therapeutic window, plasma levels and/or pharmacodynamic effects of the latter drug should be monitored closely, at least until steady-state conditions are reached (see CONTRAINDICATIONS [ 4 ] and WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS [ 5 ]) . 7.2 CNS Active Drugs Antipsychotics: See WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS ( 5.2 ) . Benzodiazepines: See WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS ( 5.9 ) . Alprazolam: See WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS ( 5.9 ) . Diazepam: See WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS ( 5.9 ) . Lorazepam : A study of multiple doses of immediate-release fluvoxamine maleate tablets (50 mg given twice daily) in healthy male volunteers (N=12) and a single dose of lorazepam (4 mg single dose) indicated no significant pharmacokinetic interaction. On average, both lorazepam alone and lorazepam with fluvoxamine produced substantial decrements in cognitive functioning; however, the coadministration of fluvoxamine and lorazepam did not produce larger mean decrements compared to lorazepam alone. Alcohol: Studies involving single 40 g doses of ethanol (oral administration in one study and intravenous in the other) and multiple dosing with immediate-release fluvoxamine maleate tablets (50 mg given twice daily) revealed no effect of either drug on the pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics of the other. As with other psychotropic medications, patients should be advised to avoid alcohol while taking fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules. Carbamazepine: Elevated carbamazepine levels and symptoms of toxicity have been reported with the coadministration of immediate-release fluvoxamine maleate tablets and carbamazepine. Clozapine: See WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS ( 5.9 ) . Lithium: As with other serotonergic drugs, lithium may enhance the serotonergic effects of fluvoxamine and, therefore, the combination should be used with caution. Seizures have been reported with the coadministration of immediate-release fluvoxamine maleate tablets and lithium. Methadone: See WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS ( 5.9 ) . Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors: See CONTRAINDICATIONS ( 4.1 ) and WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS ( 5.2 ) . Pimozide: See CONTRAINDICATIONS ( 4 ) and WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS ( 5.6 ) . Ramelteon: See CONTRAINDICATIONS ( 4 ) and WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS ( 5.8 ) . Serotonergic Drugs: See WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS ( 5.2 ) . Tacrine: In a study of 13 healthy, male volunteers, a single 40 mg dose of tacrine added to immediate-release fluvoxamine maleate tablets 100 mg/day administered at steady-state was associated with 5- and 8-fold increases in tacrine C max and AUC, respectively, compared to the administration of tacrine alone. Five subjects experienced nausea, vomiting, sweating, and diarrhea following coadministration, consistent with the cholinergic effects of tacrine. Thioridazine: See CONTRAINDICATIONS ( 4 ) and WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS ( 5.4 ) . Tizanidine: See CONTRAINDICATIONS ( 4 ) and WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS ( 5.5 ) . Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs): Significantly increased plasma TCA levels have been reported with the coadministration of immediate-release fluvoxamine maleate tablets and amitriptyline, clomipramine or imipramine. Caution is indicated with the coadministration of fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules and TCAs; plasma TCA concentrations may need to be monitored, and the dose of TCA may need to be reduced. Triptans: There have been rare postmarketing reports of serotonin syndrome with use of an SSRI and a triptan. If concomitant treatment of fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules with a triptan is clinically warranted, careful observation of the patient is advised, particularly during treatment initiation and dose increases (see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS [ 5.2 ] ). Sumatriptan - There have been rare postmarketing reports describing patients with weakness, hyperreflexia, and incoordination following the use of a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) and sumatriptan. If concomitant treatment with sumatriptan and an SSRI (e.g., fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, paroxetine, sertraline) is clinically warranted, appropriate observation of the patient is advised. Tryptophan: Tryptophan may enhance the serotonergic effects of fluvoxamine, and the combination should, therefore, be used with caution. Severe vomiting has been reported with the coadministration of immediate-release fluvoxamine maleate tablets and tryptophan (see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS [ 5.2 ] ). 7.3 Other Drugs Alosetron: See CONTRAINDICATIONS ( 4 ), WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS ( 5.7 ) , and Lotronex ® (alosetron) package insert. Digoxin: Administration of immediate-release fluvoxamine maleate tablets 100 mg daily for 18 days (N=8) did not significantly affect the pharmacokinetics of a 1.25 mg single intravenous dose of digoxin. Diltiazem: Bradycardia has been reported with the coadministration of immediate-release fluvoxamine maleate tablets and diltiazem. Mexiletine: See WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS ( 5.9 ) . Propranolol and Other Beta-Blockers: Coadministration of immediate-release fluvoxamine maleate tablets 100 mg per day and propranolol 160 mg per day in normal volunteers resulted in a mean five-fold increase (range 2 to 17) in minimum propranolol plasma concentrations. In this study, there was a slight potentiation of the propranolol-induced reduction in heart rate and reduction in the exercise diastolic pressure. One case of bradycardia and hypotension and a second case of orthostatic hypotension have been reported with the coadministration of immediate-release fluvoxamine maleate tablets and metoprolol. If propranolol or metoprolol is coadministered with fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules, a reduction in the initial beta-blocker dose and more cautious dose titration are recommended. No dosage adjustment is required for fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules. Coadministration of immediate-release fluvoxamine maleate tablets 100 mg per day with atenolol 100 mg per day (N=6) did not affect the plasma concentrations of atenolol. Unlike propranolol and metoprolol, which undergo hepatic metabolism, atenolol is eliminated primarily by renal excretion. Theophylline: See WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS ( 5.9 ) . Warfarin and Other Drugs That Interfere With Hemostasis (NSAIDs, Aspirin, etc.): See WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS ( 5.9 , 5.11 ) . 7.4 Effects of Smoking on Fluvoxamine Metabolism Smokers had a 25% increase in the metabolism of fluvoxamine compared to nonsmokers. 7.5 Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) There are no clinical studies establishing the benefits or risks of combined use of ECT and fluvoxamine maleate. 7.6 Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs) See DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION ( 2.6 , 2.7 ) , CONTRAINDICATIONS ( 4.1 ) , WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS ( 5.2 ). 7.7 Serotonergic Drugs See DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION ( 2.6 , 2.7 ) , CONTRAINDICATIONS ( 4.1 ) , WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS ( 5.2 ) .

12 CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY 12.1 Mechanism of Action The mechanism of action of fluvoxamine maleate in obsessive compulsive disorder is presumed to be linked to its specific serotonin reuptake inhibition in brain neurons. Fluvoxamine has been shown to be a potent inhibitor of the serotonin reuptake transporter in preclinical studies, both in vitro and in vivo . 12.2 Pharmacodynamics In in vitro studies, fluvoxamine maleate had no significant affinity for histaminergic, alpha or beta adrenergic, muscarinic, or dopaminergic receptors. Antagonism of some of these receptors is thought to be associated with various sedative, cardiovascular, anticholinergic, and extrapyramidal effects of some psychotropic drugs. 12.3 Pharmacokinetics Bioavailability: A single-dose crossover study in 28 healthy subjects was conducted to compare the pharmacokinetics of fluvoxamine after administration of fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules and immediate-release fluvoxamine maleate tablets. In the single-dose crossover study, mean C max was 38% lower and relative bioavailability was 84% for fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules versus immediate-release fluvoxamine maleate tablets. In a multiple-dose proportionality study, fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules were administered over a dose range of 100 mg/day to 300 mg/day to 20 healthy volunteers. Steady-state plasma concentrations were achieved within a week of dosing. Mean maximum plasma concentrations were 47 ng/mL, 161 ng/mL, and 319 ng/mL, respectively, at the 100 mg, 200 mg, and 300 mg administered dose levels. Fluvoxamine exhibited nonlinear pharmacokinetics producing disproportionately higher concentrations over the dose range. The AUC and C max values increased 5.7-fold following the 3-fold increase in dose from 100 mg to 300 mg. Food caused the mean AUC and C max of fluvoxamine to increase only slightly; therefore, administration of fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules with food does not significantly affect the absorption of fluvoxamine. Distribution/Protein Binding: The mean apparent volume of distribution for fluvoxamine is approximately 25 L/kg, suggesting extensive tissue distribution. Approximately 80% of fluvoxamine is bound to plasma protein, mostly albumin, over a concentration range of 20 to 2000 ng/mL. Metabolism: Fluvoxamine maleate is extensively metabolized by the liver; the main metabolic routes are oxidative demethylation and deamination. Nine metabolites were identified following a 5 mg radiolabelled dose of fluvoxamine maleate, constituting approximately 85% of the urinary excretion products of fluvoxamine. The main human metabolite was fluvoxamine acid which, together with its N-acetylated analog, accounted for about 60% of the urinary excretion products. A third metabolite, fluvoxethanol, formed by oxidative deamination, accounted for about 10%. Fluvoxamine acid and fluvoxethanol were tested in an in vitro assay of serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibition in rats; they were inactive except for a weak effect of the former metabolite on inhibition of serotonin uptake (1 to 2 orders of magnitude less potent than the parent compound). Approximately 2% of fluvoxamine was excreted in urine unchanged (see DRUG INTERACTIONS [ 7 ] ). Elimination: Following a 14 C-labelled oral dose of fluvoxamine maleate (5 mg), an average of 94% of drug-related products was recovered in the urine within 71 hours. After administration of a 100 mg, single oral dose of fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules, the mean plasma half-life of fluvoxamine in healthy male and female volunteers was 16.3 hours. Gender: In a study with 15 male and 13 female healthy volunteers who were administered fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules 100 mg, AUC and C max of fluvoxamine were increased by approximately 60% in females compared to males. There were no differences in the elimination half-life between males and females. Elderly Subjects: In a study using immediate-release fluvoxamine maleate tablets at 50 mg and 100 mg and comparing elderly (ages 66 to 73 years) and young subjects (ages 19 to 35 years), mean maximum plasma concentrations in the elderly were 40% higher. The multiple-dose elimination half-life of fluvoxamine was 17.4 hours and 25.9 hours in the elderly compared to 13.6 hours and 15.6 hours in the young subjects at steady state for 50 mg and 100 mg doses, respectively. In elderly patients administered immediate-release fluvoxamine maleate tablets, the clearance of fluvoxamine was reduced by about 50%; therefore, fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules should be slowly titrated during initiation of therapy (see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION [ 2.3 ] ). Pediatric Subjects: The pharmacokinetics of fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules have not been evaluated in pediatric patients. However, the multiple-dose pharmacokinetics of fluvoxamine were determined in male and female children (ages 6 to 11) and adolescents (ages 12 to 17). Steady-state plasma fluvoxamine concentrations were 2- to 3-fold higher in children than in adolescents. AUC and C max in children were 1.5- to 2.7-fold higher than that in adolescents (see Table 4 ). As in adults, both children and adolescents exhibited nonlinear multiple-dose pharmacokinetics. Female children showed significantly higher AUC (0 to 2) and C max compared to male children and, therefore, lower doses of immediate-release fluvoxamine maleate tablets may produce therapeutic benefit (see Table 5 ). No gender differences were observed in adolescents. Steady-state plasma fluvoxamine concentrations were similar in adults and adolescents at a dose of 300 mg/day, indicating that fluvoxamine exposure was similar in these two populations (see Table 4 ). Dose adjustment in adolescents (up to the adult maximum dose of 300 mg) may be indicated to achieve therapeutic benefit. TABLE 4 COMPARISON OF MEAN (SD) IMMEDIATE-RELEASE TABLET FLUVOXAMINE MALEATE PHARMACOKINETIC PARAMETERS BETWEEN CHILDREN, ADOLESCENTS, AND ADULTS Pharmacokinetic Parameter (body weight corrected) Dose = 200 mg/day (100 mg Twice Daily) Dose = 300 mg/day (150 mg Twice Daily) Children (n = 10) Adolescent (n = 17) Adolescent (n = 13) Adult (n = 16) AUC 0-12 (ng • h/mL/kg) 155.1 (160.9) 43.9 (27.9) 69.6 (46.6) 59.4 (40.9) C max (ng/mL/kg) 14.8 (14.9) 4.2 (2.6) 6.7 (4.2) 5.7 (3.9) C min (ng/mL/kg) 11.0 (11.9) 2.9 (2.0) 4.8 (3.8) 4.6 (3.2) TABLE 5 COMPARISON OF MEAN (SD) IMMEDIATE-RELEASE TABLET FLUVOXAMINE MALEATE PHARMACOKINETIC PARAMETERS BETWEEN MALE AND FEMALE CHILDREN (6 to 11 YEARS) Pharmacokinetic Parameter (body weight corrected) Dose = 200 mg/day (100 mg Twice Daily) Male Children (n = 7) Female Children (n = 3) AUC 0-12 (ng • h/mL/kg) 95.8 (83.9) 293.5 (233.0) C max (ng/mL/kg) 9.1 (7.6) 28.1 (21.1) C min (ng/mL/kg) 6.6 (6.1) 21.2 (17.6) Hepatic and Renal Disease: A cross-study comparison (healthy subjects versus patients with hepatic dysfunction) using immediate-release fluvoxamine maleate tablets suggested a 30% decrease in fluvoxamine clearance in association with hepatic dysfunction. The mean minimum plasma concentrations in renally impaired patients (creatinine clearance of 5 mL/min to 45 mL/min) after 4 weeks and 6 weeks of treatment (50 mg given twice daily, N = 13) were comparable to each other, suggesting no accumulation of fluvoxamine in these patients (see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS–Use in Patients with Concomitant Illness [ 5.15 ] ).

12.1 Mechanism of Action The mechanism of action of fluvoxamine maleate in obsessive compulsive disorder is presumed to be linked to its specific serotonin reuptake inhibition in brain neurons. Fluvoxamine has been shown to be a potent inhibitor of the serotonin reuptake transporter in preclinical studies, both in vitro and in vivo .

12.2 Pharmacodynamics In in vitro studies, fluvoxamine maleate had no significant affinity for histaminergic, alpha or beta adrenergic, muscarinic, or dopaminergic receptors. Antagonism of some of these receptors is thought to be associated with various sedative, cardiovascular, anticholinergic, and extrapyramidal effects of some psychotropic drugs.

12.3 Pharmacokinetics Bioavailability: A single-dose crossover study in 28 healthy subjects was conducted to compare the pharmacokinetics of fluvoxamine after administration of fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules and immediate-release fluvoxamine maleate tablets. In the single-dose crossover study, mean C max was 38% lower and relative bioavailability was 84% for fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules versus immediate-release fluvoxamine maleate tablets. In a multiple-dose proportionality study, fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules were administered over a dose range of 100 mg/day to 300 mg/day to 20 healthy volunteers. Steady-state plasma concentrations were achieved within a week of dosing. Mean maximum plasma concentrations were 47 ng/mL, 161 ng/mL, and 319 ng/mL, respectively, at the 100 mg, 200 mg, and 300 mg administered dose levels. Fluvoxamine exhibited nonlinear pharmacokinetics producing disproportionately higher concentrations over the dose range. The AUC and C max values increased 5.7-fold following the 3-fold increase in dose from 100 mg to 300 mg. Food caused the mean AUC and C max of fluvoxamine to increase only slightly; therefore, administration of fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules with food does not significantly affect the absorption of fluvoxamine. Distribution/Protein Binding: The mean apparent volume of distribution for fluvoxamine is approximately 25 L/kg, suggesting extensive tissue distribution. Approximately 80% of fluvoxamine is bound to plasma protein, mostly albumin, over a concentration range of 20 to 2000 ng/mL. Metabolism: Fluvoxamine maleate is extensively metabolized by the liver; the main metabolic routes are oxidative demethylation and deamination. Nine metabolites were identified following a 5 mg radiolabelled dose of fluvoxamine maleate, constituting approximately 85% of the urinary excretion products of fluvoxamine. The main human metabolite was fluvoxamine acid which, together with its N-acetylated analog, accounted for about 60% of the urinary excretion products. A third metabolite, fluvoxethanol, formed by oxidative deamination, accounted for about 10%. Fluvoxamine acid and fluvoxethanol were tested in an in vitro assay of serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibition in rats; they were inactive except for a weak effect of the former metabolite on inhibition of serotonin uptake (1 to 2 orders of magnitude less potent than the parent compound). Approximately 2% of fluvoxamine was excreted in urine unchanged (see DRUG INTERACTIONS [ 7 ] ). Elimination: Following a 14 C-labelled oral dose of fluvoxamine maleate (5 mg), an average of 94% of drug-related products was recovered in the urine within 71 hours. After administration of a 100 mg, single oral dose of fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules, the mean plasma half-life of fluvoxamine in healthy male and female volunteers was 16.3 hours. Gender: In a study with 15 male and 13 female healthy volunteers who were administered fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules 100 mg, AUC and C max of fluvoxamine were increased by approximately 60% in females compared to males. There were no differences in the elimination half-life between males and females. Elderly Subjects: In a study using immediate-release fluvoxamine maleate tablets at 50 mg and 100 mg and comparing elderly (ages 66 to 73 years) and young subjects (ages 19 to 35 years), mean maximum plasma concentrations in the elderly were 40% higher. The multiple-dose elimination half-life of fluvoxamine was 17.4 hours and 25.9 hours in the elderly compared to 13.6 hours and 15.6 hours in the young subjects at steady state for 50 mg and 100 mg doses, respectively. In elderly patients administered immediate-release fluvoxamine maleate tablets, the clearance of fluvoxamine was reduced by about 50%; therefore, fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules should be slowly titrated during initiation of therapy (see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION [ 2.3 ] ). Pediatric Subjects: The pharmacokinetics of fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules have not been evaluated in pediatric patients. However, the multiple-dose pharmacokinetics of fluvoxamine were determined in male and female children (ages 6 to 11) and adolescents (ages 12 to 17). Steady-state plasma fluvoxamine concentrations were 2- to 3-fold higher in children than in adolescents. AUC and C max in children were 1.5- to 2.7-fold higher than that in adolescents (see Table 4 ). As in adults, both children and adolescents exhibited nonlinear multiple-dose pharmacokinetics. Female children showed significantly higher AUC (0 to 2) and C max compared to male children and, therefore, lower doses of immediate-release fluvoxamine maleate tablets may produce therapeutic benefit (see Table 5 ). No gender differences were observed in adolescents. Steady-state plasma fluvoxamine concentrations were similar in adults and adolescents at a dose of 300 mg/day, indicating that fluvoxamine exposure was similar in these two populations (see Table 4 ). Dose adjustment in adolescents (up to the adult maximum dose of 300 mg) may be indicated to achieve therapeutic benefit. TABLE 4 COMPARISON OF MEAN (SD) IMMEDIATE-RELEASE TABLET FLUVOXAMINE MALEATE PHARMACOKINETIC PARAMETERS BETWEEN CHILDREN, ADOLESCENTS, AND ADULTS Pharmacokinetic Parameter (body weight corrected) Dose = 200 mg/day (100 mg Twice Daily) Dose = 300 mg/day (150 mg Twice Daily) Children (n = 10) Adolescent (n = 17) Adolescent (n = 13) Adult (n = 16) AUC 0-12 (ng • h/mL/kg) 155.1 (160.9) 43.9 (27.9) 69.6 (46.6) 59.4 (40.9) C max (ng/mL/kg) 14.8 (14.9) 4.2 (2.6) 6.7 (4.2) 5.7 (3.9) C min (ng/mL/kg) 11.0 (11.9) 2.9 (2.0) 4.8 (3.8) 4.6 (3.2) TABLE 5 COMPARISON OF MEAN (SD) IMMEDIATE-RELEASE TABLET FLUVOXAMINE MALEATE PHARMACOKINETIC PARAMETERS BETWEEN MALE AND FEMALE CHILDREN (6 to 11 YEARS) Pharmacokinetic Parameter (body weight corrected) Dose = 200 mg/day (100 mg Twice Daily) Male Children (n = 7) Female Children (n = 3) AUC 0-12 (ng • h/mL/kg) 95.8 (83.9) 293.5 (233.0) C max (ng/mL/kg) 9.1 (7.6) 28.1 (21.1) C min (ng/mL/kg) 6.6 (6.1) 21.2 (17.6) Hepatic and Renal Disease: A cross-study comparison (healthy subjects versus patients with hepatic dysfunction) using immediate-release fluvoxamine maleate tablets suggested a 30% decrease in fluvoxamine clearance in association with hepatic dysfunction. The mean minimum plasma concentrations in renally impaired patients (creatinine clearance of 5 mL/min to 45 mL/min) after 4 weeks and 6 weeks of treatment (50 mg given twice daily, N = 13) were comparable to each other, suggesting no accumulation of fluvoxamine in these patients (see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS–Use in Patients with Concomitant Illness [ 5.15 ] ).

20210826

16

3 DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS Fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules are available as: 100 mg extended-release capsules: a hard gelatin capsule with blue opaque cap imprinted with “A175” in black ink and white opaque body imprinted with “100” in black ink. 150 mg extended-release capsules: a hard gelatin capsule with purple opaque cap imprinted with “A176” in black ink and white opaque body imprinted with “150” in black ink. 100 mg and 150 mg Extended-Release Capsules ( 3 )

Fluvoxamine Maleate Fluvoxamine Maleate FLUVOXAMINE MALEATE FLUVOXAMINE FERROSOFERRIC OXIDE ALCOHOL ETHYLCELLULOSES GELATIN HYDROXYPROPYL CELLULOSE (70000 WAMW) ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL POVIDONE SHELLAC SUCROSE TALC TITANIUM DIOXIDE TRIETHYL CITRATE D&C RED NO. 28 FD&C BLUE NO. 1 FD&C BLUE NO. 2 FD&C RED NO. 40 D&C YELLOW NO. 10 White Opaque Body Blue Opaque Cap A175;100 Fluvoxamine Maleate Fluvoxamine Maleate FLUVOXAMINE MALEATE FLUVOXAMINE FERROSOFERRIC OXIDE ALCOHOL ETHYLCELLULOSES GELATIN HYDROXYPROPYL CELLULOSE (70000 WAMW) ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL POVIDONE SHELLAC SUCROSE TALC TITANIUM DIOXIDE TRIETHYL CITRATE D&C RED NO. 28 FD&C BLUE NO. 1 White Opaque Body Purple Opaque Cap A176;150

13.1 Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility Carcinogenesis: There was no evidence of carcinogenicity in rats treated orally with fluvoxamine maleate for 30 months or hamsters treated orally with fluvoxamine maleate for 20 months (females) or 26 months (males). The daily doses in the high-dose groups in these studies were increased over the course of the study from a minimum of 160 mg/kg to a maximum of 240 mg/kg in rats, and from a minimum of 135 mg/kg to a maximum of 240 mg/kg in hamsters. The maximum dose of 240 mg/kg is approximately 6 times the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD) on a mg/m2 basis. Mutagenesis: No evidence of genotoxic potential was observed in a mouse micronucleus test, an in vitro chromosome aberration test, or the Ames microbial mutagen test with or without metabolic activation. Impairment of Fertility: In a study in which male and female rats were administered fluvoxamine (60, 120, or 240 mg/kg) orally prior to and during mating and gestation, fertility was impaired at doses of 120 mg/kg or greater, as evidenced by increased latency to mating, decreased sperm count, decreased epididymal weight, and decreased pregnancy rate. In addition, the numbers of implantations and embryos were decreased at the highest dose. The no effect dose for fertility impairment was 60 mg/kg (approximately 2 times the MRHD on a mg/m 2 basis).

13 NONCLINICAL TOXICOLOGY 13.1 Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility Carcinogenesis: There was no evidence of carcinogenicity in rats treated orally with fluvoxamine maleate for 30 months or hamsters treated orally with fluvoxamine maleate for 20 months (females) or 26 months (males). The daily doses in the high-dose groups in these studies were increased over the course of the study from a minimum of 160 mg/kg to a maximum of 240 mg/kg in rats, and from a minimum of 135 mg/kg to a maximum of 240 mg/kg in hamsters. The maximum dose of 240 mg/kg is approximately 6 times the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD) on a mg/m2 basis. Mutagenesis: No evidence of genotoxic potential was observed in a mouse micronucleus test, an in vitro chromosome aberration test, or the Ames microbial mutagen test with or without metabolic activation. Impairment of Fertility: In a study in which male and female rats were administered fluvoxamine (60, 120, or 240 mg/kg) orally prior to and during mating and gestation, fertility was impaired at doses of 120 mg/kg or greater, as evidenced by increased latency to mating, decreased sperm count, decreased epididymal weight, and decreased pregnancy rate. In addition, the numbers of implantations and embryos were decreased at the highest dose. The no effect dose for fertility impairment was 60 mg/kg (approximately 2 times the MRHD on a mg/m 2 basis).

ANDA091476

Fluvoxamine Maleate

Fluvoxamine Maleate

10370-175

HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG

ORAL

PACKAGE/LABEL PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL NDC 10370-175-11 Fluvoxamine Maleate Extended-Release Capsules 100 mg 30-count and 1000-count Rx Only bottle-100-mg.jpg bottle-100-mg.jpg

RECENT MAJOR CHANGES Warnings and Precautions, Serotonin Syndrome ( 5.2 ) 01/2017

17 PATIENT COUNSELING INFORMATION See FDA-Approved Medication Guide ( 17.12 ) . Prescribers or other health professionals should inform patients, their families, and their caregivers about the benefits and risks associated with treatment with fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules and should counsel them in the appropriate use. A patient Medication Guide discussing antidepressant medicines, depression and other serious mental illnesses, and suicidal thoughts or actions and other important information about Fluvoxamine Maleate Extended-Release Capsules is available for fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules. The prescriber or health professional should instruct patients, their families, and their caregivers to read both sections of the Medication Guide and should assist them in understanding its contents. Patients should be given the opportunity to discuss the contents of the Medication Guide and to obtain answers to any questions they may have. The complete text of the Medication Guide is reprinted at the end of this document. Patients should be advised of the following issues and asked to alert their prescriber if these occur while taking fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules. 17.1 Clinical Worsening and Suicide Risk Patients, their families, and their caregivers should be encouraged to be alert to the emergence of anxiety, agitation, panic attacks, insomnia, irritability, hostility, aggressiveness, impulsivity, akathisia (psychomotor restlessness), hypomania, mania, other unusual changes in behavior, worsening of depression, and suicidal ideation, especially early during antidepressant treatment and when the dose is adjusted up or down. Families and caregivers of patients should be advised to look for the emergence of such symptoms on a day-to-day basis, since changes may be abrupt. Such symptoms should be reported to the patient’s prescriber or health professional, especially if they are severe, abrupt in onset, or were not part of the patient’s presenting symptoms. Symptoms such as these may be associated with an increased risk for suicidal thinking and behavior and indicate the need for very close monitoring and possibly changes in the medication (see BOXED WARNING and WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS [ 5.1 ] ). 17.2 Serotonin Syndrome Patients should be cautioned about the risk of serotonin syndrome particularly with the concomitant use of fluvoxamine with other serotonergic agents (including triptans, tricyclic antidepressants, fentanyl, lithuym, tramadol, tryptophan, buspirone, amphetamines, and St. John’s Wort) [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS-Serotonin Syndrome ( 5.2 ) ] 17.3 Contraindicated Medications Patients should be advised that the following medications should not be used while taking fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules: Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs): See CONTRAINDICATIONS ( 4.1 ) and WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS ( 5.2 ) . Thioridazine: See CONTRAINDICATIONS ( 4 ) and WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS ( 5.4 ) . Tizanidine: See CONTRAINDICATIONS ( 4 ) and WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS ( 5.5 ). Pimozide: See CONTRAINDICATIONS ( 4 ) and WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS ( 5.6 ) . Alosetron: See CONTRAINDICATIONS ( 4 ) and WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS ( 5.7 ) . Ramelteon: See CONTRAINDICATIONS ( 4 ) and WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS ( 5.8 ) . In addition, MAOIs should not be taken within 14 days (2 weeks) after stopping fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules, and fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules should not be taken within two weeks after stopping treatment with an MAOI (see CONTRAINDICATIONS [ 4.1 ] and WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS [ 5.2 ] ). 17.4 Other Potentially Hazardous Drug Interactions Patients should be advised that the use of fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules with any of the following medications may produce clinically significant adverse reactions. Patients should inform their physician if they are taking any of these medications before starting treatment with fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules. Patients should also inform their physician prior to taking any of these medications while receiving fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules therapy. Serotonergic drugs, including triptans, tramadol, and tryptophan: See WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS ( 5.2 ) . Antipsychotic agents, including clozapine: See WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS ( 5.2 , 5.9 ) . Certain benzodiazepines: See WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS ( 5.9 ) . Methadone: See WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS ( 5.9 ) . Mexiletine: See WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS ( 5.9 ) . Theophylline: See WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS ( 5.9 ) . Warfarin and other drugs that interfere with hemostasis: Patients should be cautioned about the concomitant use of fluvoxamine and NSAIDs, aspirin, or other drugs that affect coagulation since the combined use of psychotropic drugs that interfere with serotonin reuptake and these agents has been associated with an increased risk of bleeding (see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS [ 5.9 , 5.11 ] ). Diuretics: See WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS ( 5.14 ) . In addition, patients should be advised to notify their physicians if they are taking, or plan to take, any prescription or over-the-counter drugs, since there is a potential for clinically important interactions with fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules. 17.5 Abnormal Bleeding Patients should be advised that fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules may increase the risk of bleeding events, which have ranged from ecchymoses, hematomas, epistaxis, and petechiae to life-threatening hemorrhages. Concomitant use of aspirin, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, warfarin, and other anticoagulants may add to this risk (see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS [ 5.9 , 5.11 ] ). 17.6 Angle Closure Glaucoma Patients should be advised that taking fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules can cause mild pupillary dilation, which in susceptible individuals, can lead to an episode of angle closure glaucoma. Pre-existing glaucoma is almost always open-angle glaucoma because angle closure glaucoma, when diagnosed, can be treated definitively with iridectomy. Open-angle glaucoma is not a risk factor for angle closure glaucoma. Patients may wish to be examined to determine whether they are susceptible to angle closure, and have a prophylactic procedure (e.g., iridectomy), if they are susceptible (see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS [ 5.3 ]). 17.7 Interference with Cognitive or Motor Performance Since any psychoactive drug may impair judgment, thinking, or motor skills, patients should be cautioned about operating hazardous machinery, including automobiles, until they are certain that fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules therapy does not adversely affect their ability to engage in such activities. 17.8 Pregnancy Patients should be advised to notify their physicians if they become pregnant or intend to become pregnant during therapy with fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules (see USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS [ 8.1 ] ). 17.9 Nursing Patients receiving fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules should be advised to notify their physicians if they are breast-feeding an infant. (see USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS–Nursing Mothers [ 8.3 ] ). 17.10 Alcohol As with other psychotropic medications, patients should be advised to avoid alcohol while taking fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules. 17.11 Allergic Reactions Patients should be advised to notify their physicians if they develop a rash, hives, or a related allergic phenomenon during therapy with fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules. Lotronex ® is a registered trademark of GlaxoSmithKline. 17.12 FDA-Approved Medication Guide

MEDICATION GUIDE Fluvoxamine Maleate (floo vox' uh meen mal' ee ate) Extended-Release Capsules Read the Medication Guide that comes with fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules before you start taking it and each time you get a refill. There may be new information. This Medication Guide does not take the place of talking to your healthcare provider about your medical condition or treatment. Talk to your healthcare provider if there is something you do not understand or want to learn more about. What is the most important information I should know about fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules? Fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules are the same kind of medicine as those used to treat depression. These medicines may cause serious side effects, including: 1. Suicidal thoughts or actions: Fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules and other antidepressant medicines may increase suicidal thoughts or actions in some children, teenagers, or young adults within the first few months of treatment or when the dose is changed. Depression or other serious mental illnesses are the most important causes of suicidal thoughts or actions. Watch for these changes and call your healthcare provider right away if you notice: New or sudden changes in mood, behavior, actions, thoughts, or feelings, especially if severe. Pay particular attention to such changes when fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules is started or when the dose is changed. Keep all follow-up visits with your healthcare provider and call between visits if you are worried about symptoms. Call your healthcare provider right away if you have any of the following symptoms, or call 911 in an emergency, especially if they are new, worse, or worry you: attempts to commit suicide acting on dangerous impulses acting aggressive or violent thoughts about suicide or dying new or worse depression new or worse anxiety or panic attacks feeling agitated, restless, angry or irritable trouble sleeping an increase in activity or talking more than what is normal for you other unusual changes in behavior or mood Call your healthcare provider right away if you have any of the following symptoms, or call 911 in an emergency. Fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules may be associated with these serious side effects: 2. Serotonin Syndrome. This condition can be life-threatening and may include : agitation, hallucinations, coma or other changes in mental status coordination problems or muscle twitching (overactive reflexes) racing heartbeat, high or low blood pressure sweating or fever nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea muscle rigidity 3. Visual Problems eye pain changes in vision swelling or redness in or around the eye Only some people are at risk for these problems. You may want to undergo an eye examination to see if you are at risk and receive preventative treatment if you are. 4. Severe allergic reactions: trouble breathing swelling of the face, tongue, eyes, or mouth rash, itchy welts (hives) or blisters, alone or with fever or joint pain 5. Abnormal bleeding : Fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules and other antidepressant medicines may increase your risk of bleeding or bruising, especially if you take the blood thinner warfarin (Coumadin ® , Jantoven ® ), a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDs, like ibuprofen or naproxen), or aspirin. 6. Seizures or convulsions 7. Manic episodes: greatly increased energy severe trouble sleeping racing thoughts reckless behavior unusually grand ideas excessive happiness or irritability talking more or faster than usual 8. Changes in appetite or weight. Children and adolescents should have height and weight monitored during treatment. 9. Low salt (sodium) levels in the blood. Elderly people may be at greater risk for this. Symptoms may include: headache weakness or feeling unsteady confusion, problems concentrating or thinking, or memory problems Do not stop taking fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules without first talking to your healthcare provider . Stopping fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules may cause serious symptoms, including: anxiety, irritability, high or low mood, feeling restless or changes in sleep habits headache, sweating, nausea, dizziness electric shock-like sensations, shaking, confusion What are fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules? Fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules are a prescription medicine used to treat obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). It is the same kind of drug that is used to treat depression. It is important to talk with your healthcare provider about the risks of treating OCD and also the risks of not treating it. You should discuss all treatment choices with your healthcare provider. Talk to your healthcare provider if you do not think that your condition is getting better with fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules treatment. Who should not take fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules? Do not take fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules if you: are allergic to fluvoxamine maleate or any of the ingredients in fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules. See the end of this Medication Guide for a complete list of ingredients in fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules. take a Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor (MAOI). Ask your healthcare provider or pharmacist if you are not sure if you take an MAOI, including the antibiotic linezolid. Do not take an MAOI within 2 weeks of stopping fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules unless directed to do so by your physician. Do not start fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules if you stopped taking an MAOI in the last 2 weeks unless directed to do so by your physician. People who take fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules close in time to an MAOI may have serious or even life-threatening side effects. Get medical help right away if you have any of these symptoms: high fever uncontrolled muscle spasms stiff muscles rapid changes in heart rate or blood pressure confusion loss of consciousness (pass out) take Mellaril ® (thioridazine). Mellaril® should not be taken with fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules because this can cause serious heart rhythm problems or sudden death. take Zanaflex ® (tizanidine) because fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules can increase the amount of Zanaflex in your body, which could increase its actions and side effects. This could include causing drowsiness and a drop in blood pressure and affecting how well you do things that require alertness. take the antipsychotic medicine Orap ® (pimozide) because this can cause serious heart problems. take Lotronex ® (alosetron) because fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules can increase the amount of Lotronex in your body, which could increase its actions and side effects. take Rozerem ® (ramelteon) because fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules can increase the amount of Rozerem in your body, which could increase its actions and side effects. What should I tell my healthcare provider before taking fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules? Ask if you are not sure. Before starting fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules, tell your healthcare provider if you: are taking certain drugs such as: Clozaril ® (clozapine): used to treat schizophrenia Mexitil ® (mexiletine): used to treat problems with heart rhythm Triptans: used to treat migraine headache Medicines used to treat mood, anxiety, psychotic or thought disorders, including tricyclics, lithium, SSRIs, SNRIs, or antipsychotics Tramadol: used to reduce pain Benzodiazepines: used to reduce anxiety, stress, emotional upset, or seizures; helps you sleep; helps with alcohol withdrawal; reduces restlessness; and relaxes muscles Methadone: used to relieve pain or to help with addiction Theophylline used to treat swollen air passages in your lungs, to relax the muscles in your chest to ease shortness of breath, often to treat asthma Warfarin and other drugs that affect how your blood clots Diuretics to treat high blood pressure, congestive heart failure, or swelling Over-the-counter supplements such as tryptophan or St. John’s Wort have liver problems have kidney problems have heart problems have or had seizures or convulsions have bipolar disorder or mania have low sodium levels in your blood have a history of a stroke have high blood pressure have or had bleeding problems are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. It is not known if fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules will harm your unborn baby. Talk to your healthcare provider about the benefits and risks of treating obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) during pregnancy are breast-feeding or plan to breast-feed. Some fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules may pass into your breast milk. Talk to your healthcare provider about the best way to feed your baby while taking fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules. Tell your healthcare provider about all the medicines that you take, including prescription and non-prescription medicines, vitamins, and herbal supplements. Fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules and some medicines may interact with each other, may not work as well, or may cause serious side effects. Your healthcare provider or pharmacist can tell you if it is safe to take fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules with your other medicines. Do not start or stop any medicine while taking fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules without talking to your healthcare provider first. If you take fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules, you should not take any other medicines that contain fluvoxamine maleate including: Fluvoxamine Maleate Immediate-Release Tablets. How should I take fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules? Take fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules at night exactly as prescribed. Your healthcare provider may need to change the dose of fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules until it is the right dose for you. Fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules may be taken with or without food. If you miss a dose of fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules, take the missed dose as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and take your next dose at the regular time. Do not take two doses of fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules at the same time. If you take too much fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules, call your healthcare provider or poison control center right away, or get emergency treatment. What should I avoid while taking fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules? Fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules can cause sleepiness or may affect your ability to make decisions, think clearly, or react quickly. You should not drive, operate heavy machinery, or do other dangerous activities until you know how fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules affect you. Do not drink alcohol while using fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules. What are the possible side effects of fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules? Fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules may cause serious side effects, including all of those described in the section entitled “What is the most important information I should know about fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules?” Common possible side effects in people who take fluvoxamine include : Nausea Sleepiness Weakness Dizziness Feeling anxious Trouble sleeping Sexual problems Sweating Shaking Not feeling hungry Dry mouth Diarrhea Muscle pain Sore throat Throwing up Upset stomach Yawning Other side effects in children and adolescents taking fluvoxamine include: abnormal increase in muscle movement or agitation depression heavy menstrual periods flatulence (gas) rash Tell your healthcare provider if you have any side effect that bothers you or that does not go away. These are not all the possible side effects of fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules. For more information, ask your healthcare provider or pharmacist. CALL YOUR DOCTOR FOR MEDICAL ADVICE ABOUT SIDE EFFECTS. YOU MAY REPORT SIDE EFFECTS TO FDA AT 1-800-FDA-1088. How should I store fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules? Store fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules at 68º to 77°F (20º to 25°C). Keep fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules away from high temperatures (above 86°F or 30°C) and high humidity (dampness). Keep the fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules bottle closed tightly. Keep fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules and all medicines out of the reach of children. General information about fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules Medicines are sometimes prescribed for purposes other than those listed in a Medication Guide. Do not use fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules for a condition for which it was not prescribed. Do not give fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules to other people, even if they have the same condition. It may harm them. This Medication Guide summarizes the most important information about fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules. If you would like more information, talk with your healthcare provider. You may ask your healthcare provider or pharmacist for information about fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules that is written for healthcare professionals. What are the ingredients in fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules? Active ingredient: fluvoxamine maleate Inactive ingredients: Extended-Release Capsules : black iron oxide, dehydrated alcohol, ethylcellulose, gelatin, hydroxypropyl cellulose, isopropyl alcohol, povidone, shellac, sugar spheres, talc, titanium dioxide, triethyl citrate, D&C Red No. 28, and FD&C Blue No. 1. The 100 mg strength also contains FD&C Blue No. 2, FD&C Red No. 40 and D&C Yellow No. 10. This Medication Guide has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Dist. by: Par Pharmaceutical Chestnut Ridge, NY 10977 U.S.A. Mfg. by: Par Formulations Private Limited, 9/215, Pudupakkam, Kelambakkam - 603 103. Made in India. Mfg. Lic. No.: TN00002121 OS175-01-74-01 Issued: 02/2021

14 CLINICAL STUDIES 14.1 Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) The effectiveness of fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules for the treatment of OCD was demonstrated in a 12-week, multicenter, placebo-controlled study of adult outpatients. Patients in this trial were titrated in 50 mg increments over the first six weeks of the study on the basis of response and tolerance from a dose of 100 mg/day to a fluvoxamine maleate dose within a range of 100 mg to 300 mg once-a-day. Patients in this study had moderate to severe OCD (DSM-IV), with mean baseline ratings on the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), total scores of 26.6 and 26.3 for fluvoxamine and placebo-treatment groups, respectively. Patients receiving fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules demonstrated statistically significant improvement over placebo patients at the primary endpoint (Week 12) compared to baseline on the Y-BOCS. The mean daily dose of fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules administered to patients was 261 mg at end of study. Exploratory analyses for age and gender effects on outcomes did not show any significant differential responsiveness on the basis of age or sex. The effectiveness of immediate-release fluvoxamine maleate tablets for the treatment of OCD was demonstrated in two 10-week multicenter, parallel group studies of adult outpatients. Patients in these trials were titrated to a total daily fluvoxamine maleate dose of 150 mg/day over the first two weeks of the trial, after which the dose was adjusted within a range of 100 to 300 mg/day (given in two doses per day), on the basis of response and tolerance. Patients in these studies had moderate to severe OCD (DSM-III-R), with mean baseline ratings on the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) total score of 23. 14.2 Adult OCD Maintenance Study with Immediate-Release Fluvoxamine Maleate Tablets In a maintenance trial of adult outpatients with OCD, 114 patients meeting DSM-IV criteria for OCD and with a Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) score ≥18 were titrated to an effective dose of immediate-release fluvoxamine maleate tablets 100 to 300 mg/day as part of an initial 10-week single-blind treatment phase. Treatment response during this single-blind phase was defined as Y-BOCS scores at least 30% lower than baseline at the end of weeks 8 and 10. Of the patients who responded, their average duration of response was 4 weeks. Patients who responded during this initial phase were randomized either to continuation of immediate-release fluvoxamine maleate tablets (N=56) or to placebo (N=58) in a double-blind phase for observation of relapse. Relapse during the double-blind phase was defined as an increase in the Y-BOCS score of at least 30% over the baseline for that phase or patient refusal to continue treatment due to a substantial increase in OCD symptoms. In the double-blind phase, patients receiving continued immediate-release fluvoxamine maleate tablets treatment experienced, on average, a significantly lower relapse rate than those receiving placebo. An examination of population subgroups from this trial did not reveal any clear evidence of a differential maintenance effect on the basis of age or gender. 14.3 Pediatric OCD Study Fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules have not been evaluated in pediatric patients. However, the effectiveness of immediate-release fluvoxamine maleate tablets for the treatment of OCD was demonstrated in a 10-week multicenter, parallel group study in a pediatric outpatient population (children and adolescents, ages 8 to 17 years). Patients in this study were titrated to a total daily fluvoxamine dose of approximately 100 mg/day over the first two weeks of the trial, following which the dose was adjusted within a range of 50 to 200 mg/day (given in two doses per day) on the basis of response and tolerance. All patients had moderate-to-severe OCD (DSM-III-R) with mean baseline ratings on the Children’s Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS) total score of 24. Post hoc exploratory analyses for gender effects on outcomes did not suggest any differential responsiveness on the basis of gender. Further exploratory analyses revealed a prominent treatment effect in the 8 year to 11 year age group and essentially no effect in the 12 year to 17 year age group. While the significance of these results is not clear, the 2-3 fold higher steady-state plasma fluvoxamine concentrations in children compared to adolescents (see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY–Pediatric Subjects [ 12.3 ]) is suggestive that decreased exposure in adolescents may have been a factor, and dose adjustment in adolescents (up to the adult maximum dose of 300 mg/day) may be indicated to achieve therapeutic benefit.

8.5 Geriatric Use Approximately 230 patients and 5 patients participating in controlled premarketing studies with immediate-release fluvoxamine maleate tablets and fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules, respectively, were 65-years of age or over. No overall differences in safety were observed between these patients and younger patients. Other reported clinical experience has not identified differences in response between the elderly and younger patients. However, SSRIs and SNRIs, including fluvoxamine, have been associated with several cases of clinically significant hyponatremia in elderly patients, who may be at greater risk for this adverse reaction (see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS [ 5.14 ] ). Furthermore, the clearance of fluvoxamine is decreased by about 50% in elderly compared to younger patients (see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY–Elderly [ 12.3 ] ), and greater sensitivity of some older individuals also cannot be ruled out. Consequently, a lower starting dose should be considered in elderly patients, and fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules should be slowly titrated during initiation of therapy.

8.2 Labor and Delivery The effect of fluvoxamine on labor and delivery in humans is unknown.

8.3 Nursing Mothers Fluvoxamine is secreted in human breast milk. Because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in nursing infants from fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules, a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or discontinue the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother.

8.4 Pediatric Use Fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules have not been evaluated in pediatric patients (see BOXED WARNING ). The efficacy of fluvoxamine maleate administered as immediate-release tablets for the treatment of OCD was demonstrated in a 10-week multicenter placebo-controlled study with 120 outpatients ages 8 to 17. In addition, 99 of these outpatients continued open-label fluvoxamine maleate treatment for up to another one to three years, equivalent to 94 patient years. The adverse reaction profile observed in that study was generally similar to that observed in adult studies with immediate-release fluvoxamine maleate tablets (see ADVERSE REACTIONS [ 6.3 ]) . Decreased appetite and weight loss have been observed in association with the use of fluvoxamine as well as other SSRIs. Consequently, regular monitoring of weight and growth should be performed in children and adolescents treated with an SSRI such as fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules. The risks, if any, that may be associated with fluvoxamine’s extended use in children and adolescents with OCD have not been systematically assessed. The prescriber should be mindful that the evidence relied upon to conclude that fluvoxamine is safe for use in children and adolescents derives from relatively short-term clinical studies and from extrapolation of experience gained with adult patients. In particular, there are no studies that directly evaluate the effects of long-term fluvoxamine use on the growth, cognitive behavioral development, and maturation of children and adolescents. Although there is no affirmative finding to suggest that fluvoxamine possesses a capacity to adversely affect growth, development, or maturation, the absence of such findings is not compelling evidence of the absence of the potential of fluvoxamine to have adverse effects in chronic use (see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS–Clinical Worsening and Suicide Risk [ 5.1 ] ). Safety and effectiveness in the pediatric population other than pediatric patients with OCD have not been established (see BOXED WARNING and WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS–Clinical Worsening and Suicide Risk [ 5.1 ] ). Anyone considering the use of fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules in a child or adolescent must balance the potential risks with the clinical need.

8.1 Pregnancy Teratogenic Effects – Pregnancy Category C: When pregnant rats were given daily doses of fluvoxamine (60, 120, or 240 mg/kg) orally throughout the period of organogenesis, developmental toxicity in the form of increased embryofetal death and increased incidences of fetal eye abnormalities (folded retinas) was observed at doses of 120 mg/kg or greater. Decreased fetal body weight was seen at the high dose. The no effect dose for developmental toxicity in this study was 60 mg/kg (approximately 2 times the maximum recommended human dose [MRHD] on a mg/m2 basis). In a study in which pregnant rabbits were administered doses of up to 40 mg/kg (approximately 2 times the MRHD on a mg/m2 basis) orally during organogenesis, no adverse effects on embryofetal development were observed. In other reproduction studies in which female rats were dosed orally during pregnancy and lactation (5, 20, 80, or 160 mg/kg), increased pup mortality at birth was seen at doses of 80 mg/kg or greater and decreases in pup body weight and survival were observed at all doses (low effect dose approximately 0.1 times the MRHD on a mg/m2 basis). Nonteratogenic Effects: Neonates exposed to fluvoxamine maleate tablets and other SSRIs or serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) late in the third trimester have developed complications requiring prolonged hospitalization, respiratory support, and tube feeding. Such complications can arise immediately upon delivery. Reported clinical findings have included respiratory distress, cyanosis, apnea, seizures, temperature instability, feeding difficulty, vomiting, hypoglycemia, hypotonia, hypertonia, hyperreflexia, tremor, jitteriness, irritability and constant crying. These features are consistent with either a direct toxic effect of SSRIs or SNRIs or, possibly, a drug discontinuation syndrome. It should be noted that, in some cases, the clinical picture is consistent with serotonin syndrome (see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS-Serotonin Syndrome [ 5.2 ] ). Infants exposed to SSRIs in pregnancy may have an increased risk for persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN). PPHN occurs in 1-2 per 1000 live births in the general population and is associated with substantial neonatal morbidity and mortality. Several recent epidemiologic studies suggest a positive statistical association between SSRI use (immediate-release fluvoxamine tablets and fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules are SSRIs) in pregnancy and PPHN. Other studies do not show a significant statistical association. Physicians should also note the results of a prospective longitudinal study of 201 pregnant women with a history of major depression, who were either on antidepressants or had received antidepressants less than 12 weeks prior to their last menstrual period, and were in remission. Women who discontinued antidepressant medication during pregnancy showed a significant increase in relapse of their major depression compared to those women who remained on antidepressant medication throughout pregnancy. When treating a pregnant woman with fluvoxamine, the physician should carefully consider both the potential risks of taking an SSRI, along with the established benefits of treating depression with an antidepressant. This decision can only be made on a case by case basis (see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION [ 2.7 ] ).

8 USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS Specific populations not discussed in Dosage and Administration or Warnings and Precautions include: Pregnancy: Consider both potential risks and benefits when treating a pregnant woman. Infants exposed to SSRIs in pregnancy have developed various complications and may be at risk for persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) ( 2.7 , 8.1 ) . Nursing mothers: Fluvoxamine is secreted in human breast milk ( 8.3 ) . Geriatric: Use of a lower starting dose may be warranted. Titrate slowly during initiation of therapy ( 2.3 , 8.5 ) . Smokers: Smokers had a 25% increase in fluvoxamine metabolism ( 7.4 ) . 8.1 Pregnancy Teratogenic Effects – Pregnancy Category C: When pregnant rats were given daily doses of fluvoxamine (60, 120, or 240 mg/kg) orally throughout the period of organogenesis, developmental toxicity in the form of increased embryofetal death and increased incidences of fetal eye abnormalities (folded retinas) was observed at doses of 120 mg/kg or greater. Decreased fetal body weight was seen at the high dose. The no effect dose for developmental toxicity in this study was 60 mg/kg (approximately 2 times the maximum recommended human dose [MRHD] on a mg/m2 basis). In a study in which pregnant rabbits were administered doses of up to 40 mg/kg (approximately 2 times the MRHD on a mg/m2 basis) orally during organogenesis, no adverse effects on embryofetal development were observed. In other reproduction studies in which female rats were dosed orally during pregnancy and lactation (5, 20, 80, or 160 mg/kg), increased pup mortality at birth was seen at doses of 80 mg/kg or greater and decreases in pup body weight and survival were observed at all doses (low effect dose approximately 0.1 times the MRHD on a mg/m2 basis). Nonteratogenic Effects: Neonates exposed to fluvoxamine maleate tablets and other SSRIs or serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) late in the third trimester have developed complications requiring prolonged hospitalization, respiratory support, and tube feeding. Such complications can arise immediately upon delivery. Reported clinical findings have included respiratory distress, cyanosis, apnea, seizures, temperature instability, feeding difficulty, vomiting, hypoglycemia, hypotonia, hypertonia, hyperreflexia, tremor, jitteriness, irritability and constant crying. These features are consistent with either a direct toxic effect of SSRIs or SNRIs or, possibly, a drug discontinuation syndrome. It should be noted that, in some cases, the clinical picture is consistent with serotonin syndrome (see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS-Serotonin Syndrome [ 5.2 ] ). Infants exposed to SSRIs in pregnancy may have an increased risk for persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN). PPHN occurs in 1-2 per 1000 live births in the general population and is associated with substantial neonatal morbidity and mortality. Several recent epidemiologic studies suggest a positive statistical association between SSRI use (immediate-release fluvoxamine tablets and fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules are SSRIs) in pregnancy and PPHN. Other studies do not show a significant statistical association. Physicians should also note the results of a prospective longitudinal study of 201 pregnant women with a history of major depression, who were either on antidepressants or had received antidepressants less than 12 weeks prior to their last menstrual period, and were in remission. Women who discontinued antidepressant medication during pregnancy showed a significant increase in relapse of their major depression compared to those women who remained on antidepressant medication throughout pregnancy. When treating a pregnant woman with fluvoxamine, the physician should carefully consider both the potential risks of taking an SSRI, along with the established benefits of treating depression with an antidepressant. This decision can only be made on a case by case basis (see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION [ 2.7 ] ). 8.2 Labor and Delivery The effect of fluvoxamine on labor and delivery in humans is unknown. 8.3 Nursing Mothers Fluvoxamine is secreted in human breast milk. Because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in nursing infants from fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules, a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or discontinue the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother. 8.4 Pediatric Use Fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules have not been evaluated in pediatric patients (see BOXED WARNING ). The efficacy of fluvoxamine maleate administered as immediate-release tablets for the treatment of OCD was demonstrated in a 10-week multicenter placebo-controlled study with 120 outpatients ages 8 to 17. In addition, 99 of these outpatients continued open-label fluvoxamine maleate treatment for up to another one to three years, equivalent to 94 patient years. The adverse reaction profile observed in that study was generally similar to that observed in adult studies with immediate-release fluvoxamine maleate tablets (see ADVERSE REACTIONS [ 6.3 ]) . Decreased appetite and weight loss have been observed in association with the use of fluvoxamine as well as other SSRIs. Consequently, regular monitoring of weight and growth should be performed in children and adolescents treated with an SSRI such as fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules. The risks, if any, that may be associated with fluvoxamine’s extended use in children and adolescents with OCD have not been systematically assessed. The prescriber should be mindful that the evidence relied upon to conclude that fluvoxamine is safe for use in children and adolescents derives from relatively short-term clinical studies and from extrapolation of experience gained with adult patients. In particular, there are no studies that directly evaluate the effects of long-term fluvoxamine use on the growth, cognitive behavioral development, and maturation of children and adolescents. Although there is no affirmative finding to suggest that fluvoxamine possesses a capacity to adversely affect growth, development, or maturation, the absence of such findings is not compelling evidence of the absence of the potential of fluvoxamine to have adverse effects in chronic use (see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS–Clinical Worsening and Suicide Risk [ 5.1 ] ). Safety and effectiveness in the pediatric population other than pediatric patients with OCD have not been established (see BOXED WARNING and WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS–Clinical Worsening and Suicide Risk [ 5.1 ] ). Anyone considering the use of fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules in a child or adolescent must balance the potential risks with the clinical need. 8.5 Geriatric Use Approximately 230 patients and 5 patients participating in controlled premarketing studies with immediate-release fluvoxamine maleate tablets and fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules, respectively, were 65-years of age or over. No overall differences in safety were observed between these patients and younger patients. Other reported clinical experience has not identified differences in response between the elderly and younger patients. However, SSRIs and SNRIs, including fluvoxamine, have been associated with several cases of clinically significant hyponatremia in elderly patients, who may be at greater risk for this adverse reaction (see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS [ 5.14 ] ). Furthermore, the clearance of fluvoxamine is decreased by about 50% in elderly compared to younger patients (see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY–Elderly [ 12.3 ] ), and greater sensitivity of some older individuals also cannot be ruled out. Consequently, a lower starting dose should be considered in elderly patients, and fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules should be slowly titrated during initiation of therapy.

16 HOW SUPPLIED/STORAGE AND HANDLING 16.1 How Supplied Fluvoxamine Maleate Extended-Release Capsules are available in the following strengths, colors, imprints, and presentations: 100 mg Extended-Release Capsules: Available in a hard gelatin capsule with blue opaque cap imprinted with “A175” in black ink and white opaque body imprinted with“100” in black ink. Bottles of 30 count….. NDC 10370-175-11 Bottles of 1000 count….. NDC 10370-175-10 150 mg Extended-Release Capsules: Available in a hard gelatin capsule with purple opaque cap imprinted with “A176” in black ink and white opaque body imprinted with “150” in black ink. Bottles of 30 count….. NDC 10370-176-11 Bottles of 750 count.. NDC 10370-176-28 16.2 Storage Keep out of reach of children. Fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules should be protected from high humidity and stored at 20º to 25°C (68º to 77°F) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature]. Avoid exposure to temperatures above 30°C (86°F). Dispense in tight containers.

SUICIDALITY AND ANTIDEPRESSANT DRUGS Antidepressants increased the risk compared to placebo of suicidal thinking and behavior (suicidality) in children, adolescents, and young adults in short-term studies of major depressive disorder (MDD) and other psychiatric disorders. Anyone considering the use of fluvoxamine maleate extended-release capsules or any other antidepressant in a child, adolescent, or young adult must balance this risk with the clinical need. Short-term studies did not show an increase in the risk of suicidality with antidepressants compared to placebo in adults beyond age 24; there was a reduction in risk with antidepressants compared to placebo in adults aged 65 and older. Depression and certain other psychiatric disorders are themselves associated with increases in the risk of suicide. Patients of all ages who are started on antidepressant therapy should be monitored appropriately and observed closely for clinical worsening, suicidality, or unusual changes in behavior. Families and caregivers should be advised of the need for close observation and communication with the prescriber. (See WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS-Clinical Worsening and Suicide Risk [ 5.1 ] and USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS-Pediatric Use [ 8.4 ] .) WARNING: SUICIDALITY and ANTIDEPRESSANTS See full prescribing information for complete boxed warning. Increased risk of suicidal thinking and behavior in children, adolescents, and young adults taking antidepressants for major depressive disorder and other psychiatric disorders ( 5.1 ) .