Summary of product characteristics
Adverse Reactions
6 ADVERSE REACTIONS The following clinically significant adverse reactions are described elsewhere in the labeling: Adverse Reactions from Abrupt Withdrawal of LYVISPAH [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)] Neonatal Withdrawal Symptoms [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)] Drowsiness and Sedation [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)] Poor Tolerability in Stroke Patients [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4)] Exacerbation of Psychotic Disorders, Schizophrenia, or Confusional States [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5)] Exacerbation of Autonomic Dysreflexia [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6)] Exacerbation of Epilepsy [see Warnings and Precautions (5.7)] Posture and Balance Effects [see Warnings and Precautions (5.8)] Ovarian Cysts [see Warnings and Precautions (5.9)] The most common adverse reactions (up to 15% or more) in patients were drowsiness, dizziness, and weakness. ( 6.1 ) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Amneal Pharmaceuticals at 1-877-835-5472 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch . 6.1 Clinical Trials Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. The most common adverse reaction is transient drowsiness. In one controlled study of 175 patients, transient drowsiness was observed in 63% of those receiving baclofen compared to 36% of those in the placebo group. Other common adverse reactions (up to 15%) are dizziness and weakness. Adverse reactions with a frequency of ≥1% are listed in Table 1. Table 1. Common (≥1%) Adverse Reactions in Patients Treated with Baclofen for Spasticity ADVERSE REACTION PERCENT Drowsiness 10-63% Dizziness 5-15% Weakness 5-15% Nausea 4-12% Confusion 1-11% Hypotension 0-9% Headache 4-8% Insomnia 2-7% Constipation 2-6% Urinary Frequency 2-6% Fatigue 2-4% The following adverse reactions not included in Table 1, classified by body system, were also reported: Neuropsychiatric: euphoria, excitement, depression, hallucinations, paresthesia, muscle pain, tinnitus, slurred speech, coordination disorder, tremor, rigidity, dystonia, ataxia, blurred vision, nystagmus, strabismus, miosis, mydriasis, diplopia, dysarthria, epileptic seizure Cardiovascular : dyspnea, palpitation, chest pain, syncope Gastrointestinal : dry mouth, anorexia, taste disorder, abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, and positive test for occult blood in stool Genitourinary : enuresis, urinary retention, dysuria, impotence, inability to ejaculate, nocturia, hematuria Other : rash, pruritus, ankle edema, excessive perspiration, weight gain, nasal congestion The following laboratory tests have been found to be abnormal in patients receiving baclofen: increased SGOT, elevated alkaline phosphatase, and elevation of blood sugar.
Contraindications
4 CONTRAINDICATIONS LYVISPAH is contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivity to baclofen. Hypersensitivity to baclofen ( 4 )
Description
11 DESCRIPTION LYVISPAH (baclofen) oral granules is a gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA-ergic) agonist available as 5 mg, 10 mg, or 20 mg of baclofen oral granules in a packet. Its chemical name is 4-amino-3-(4- chlorophenyl)-butanoic acid and its structural formula is: Molecular formula is C10H12ClNO2 Molecular Weight is 213.66. Baclofen USP is a white to off-white, odorless or practically odorless crystalline powder. It is slightly soluble in water, very slightly soluble in methanol, and insoluble in chloroform. LYVISPAH (baclofen) oral granules inactive ingredients include amino methacrylate copolymer, calcium stearate, colloidal silicon dioxide, crospovidone, hypromellose, mannitol, saccharin sodium, strawberry flavor, talc, and xylitol. chem structure
Dosage And Administration
2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION Initiate LYVISPAH with a low dosage, preferably in divided doses, administered orally. Increase gradually based on clinical response and tolerability. ( 2.1 ) The maximum dosage is 80 mg daily (20 mg four times a day). ( 2.1 ) LYVISPAH can be taken with or without water. ( 2.2 ) LYVISPAH oral granules can be mixed with soft food for administration within 2 hours. ( 2.2 ) LYVISPAH oral granules can be administered via enteral feeding tubes. ( 2.2 ) When discontinuing, reduce the dose slowly. ( 2.2 ) 2.1 Recommended Dosage Initiate LYVISPAH with a low dosage, preferably in divided doses, administered orally. The following gradually increasing dosage regimen is suggested, but should be adjusted based on clinical response and tolerability: 5 mg three times a day for three days 10 mg three times a day for three days 15 mg three times a day for three days 20 mg three times a day for three days Additional increases may be necessary up to the maximum recommended dosage of 80 mg daily (20 mg four times a day). Multiple packets or multiple strengths can be used to achieve the prescribed dosage. 2.2 Administration Instructions The entire contents of the packet should be emptied into the mouth. The granules will dissolve in the mouth or can be swallowed. LYVISPAH can be taken with liquids or soft foods if needed . Administration with Liquids or Soft Foods LYVISPAH can be administered orally as a mixture with liquids or soft foods, such as apple sauce, yogurt, or pudding. The contents of one packet can be emptied and mixed with up to 15 mL of liquid or soft food. The mixture should be administered no more than 2 hours after mixing. If multiple packets are to be administered, each packet must be mixed with a separate volume of liquid or soft food. Administration via Feeding Tube LYVISPAH can also be administered via enteral feeding tubes such as nasogastric (NG) at sizes 8 FR or higher, gastrostomy (G) at sizes 12 FR or higher, percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) at sizes 14 FR or higher, and gastrojejunostomy (GJ) tubes at sizes 16 FR or higher. Flush the feeding tube with up to 15 mL of water using a catheter tip syringe. Open and empty the full contents of one packet of LYVISPAH in 15 mL of liquid, such as apple juice or milk, in a clean container. Mix the suspension to ensure all granules are wetted. Draw up the suspension of granules into a dosing syringe immediately after mixing and administer the dose via the feeding tube. Administration should be no longer than two hours after mixing. If the syringe is allowed to stand for 15 minutes before administration, invert the syringe three times. Refill the dosing syringe with 15 mL of water and flush the feeding tube. If multiple packets are to be administered, each packet must be mixed with a separate volume of liquid. 2.3 Discontinuation of LYVISPAH When discontinuing LYVISPAH, reduce the dosage slowly and avoid abrupt withdrawal from the drug to help minimize the risk of adverse reactions [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ] .
Indications And Usage
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE LYVISPAH is indicated for the treatment of spasticity resulting from multiple sclerosis, particularly for the relief of flexor spasms and concomitant pain, clonus, and muscular rigidity. LYVISPAH may also be of some value in patients with spinal cord injuries and other spinal cord diseases. Limitations of Use LYVISPAH is not indicated in the treatment of skeletal muscle spasm resulting from rheumatic disorders. LYVISPAH is a gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA-ergic) agonist indicated for the treatment of spasticity resulting from multiple sclerosis, particularly for the relief of flexor spasms and concomitant pain, clonus, and muscular rigidity. ( 1 ) LYVISPAH may also be of some value in patient with spinal cord injuries and other spinal cord diseases. ( 1 ) Limitations of Use LYVISPAH is not indicated in the treatment of skeletal muscle spasm resulting from rheumatic disorders. ( 1 )
Overdosage
10 OVERDOSAGE 10.1 Symptoms of Baclofen Overdose With overdose of baclofen, patients may present in coma or with progressive drowsiness, lightheadedness, dizziness, somnolence, accommodation disorders, respiratory depression, seizures, or hypotonia progressing to loss of consciousness. 10.2 Treatment for Overdose The treatment of baclofen overdose includes gastric decontamination, maintaining an adequate airway and respirations.
Adverse Reactions Table
ADVERSE REACTION | PERCENT |
Drowsiness | 10-63% |
Dizziness | 5-15% |
Weakness | 5-15% |
Nausea | 4-12% |
Confusion | 1-11% |
Hypotension | 0-9% |
Headache | 4-8% |
Insomnia | 2-7% |
Constipation | 2-6% |
Urinary Frequency | 2-6% |
Fatigue | 2-4% |
Drug Interactions
7 DRUG INTERACTIONS 7.1 CNS Depressants and Alcohol LYVISPAH can cause CNS depression, including drowsiness and sedation, which may be an additive when used concomitantly with other CNS depressants or alcohol [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3) ].
Clinical Pharmacology
12 CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY 12.1 Mechanism of Action The precise mechanism of action of baclofen is not fully understood. Baclofen inhibits both monosynaptic and polysynaptic reflexes at the spinal level, possibly by decreasing excitatory neurotransmitter release from afferent terminals, although actions at supraspinal sites may also occur and contribute to its clinical effect. Baclofen is a structural analog of the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and may exert its effects by stimulation of the GABA-B receptor subtype . 12.2 Pharmacodynamics Baclofen has been shown to have general CNS depressant properties, as indicated by the production of sedation with tolerance, somnolence, ataxia, and respiratory and cardiovascular depression [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3) , Adverse Reactions (6.1) , and Overdosage (10.1) ]. 12.3 Pharmacokinetics Pharmacokinetic studies in heathy adult subjects under fasting conditions at 20 mg dose level demonstrated similar bioavailability for baclofen oral granules and oral tablets. Absorption The peak plasma concentrations of baclofen oral granule formulation were achieved in about one hour and the apparent elimination half-life is about 5.5 hours. The exposure of baclofen was dose proportional across the dose range of 5 mg, 10 mg, and 20 mg. Effect of Food Administering LYVISPAH with or without water, or with applesauce did not affect the bioavailability of baclofen oral granules. Administration with a high fat meal resulted in 10% decrease in AUC and 29% decrease in Cmax compared to the fasted state. Elimination Baclofen is excreted primarily by the kidney in unchanged form, and there is relatively large intersubject variation in absorption and/or elimination.
Mechanism Of Action
12.1 Mechanism of Action The precise mechanism of action of baclofen is not fully understood. Baclofen inhibits both monosynaptic and polysynaptic reflexes at the spinal level, possibly by decreasing excitatory neurotransmitter release from afferent terminals, although actions at supraspinal sites may also occur and contribute to its clinical effect. Baclofen is a structural analog of the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and may exert its effects by stimulation of the GABA-B receptor subtype .
Pharmacodynamics
12.2 Pharmacodynamics Baclofen has been shown to have general CNS depressant properties, as indicated by the production of sedation with tolerance, somnolence, ataxia, and respiratory and cardiovascular depression [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3) , Adverse Reactions (6.1) , and Overdosage (10.1) ].
Pharmacokinetics
12.3 Pharmacokinetics Pharmacokinetic studies in heathy adult subjects under fasting conditions at 20 mg dose level demonstrated similar bioavailability for baclofen oral granules and oral tablets. Absorption The peak plasma concentrations of baclofen oral granule formulation were achieved in about one hour and the apparent elimination half-life is about 5.5 hours. The exposure of baclofen was dose proportional across the dose range of 5 mg, 10 mg, and 20 mg. Effect of Food Administering LYVISPAH with or without water, or with applesauce did not affect the bioavailability of baclofen oral granules. Administration with a high fat meal resulted in 10% decrease in AUC and 29% decrease in Cmax compared to the fasted state. Elimination Baclofen is excreted primarily by the kidney in unchanged form, and there is relatively large intersubject variation in absorption and/or elimination.
Effective Time
20230420
Version
4
Dosage Forms And Strengths
3 DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS Oral Granules: 5 mg, 10 mg, or 20 mg baclofen as white to off-white, strawberry flavored granules in a single dose packet. Oral granules: 5 mg, 10 mg, or 20 mg baclofen in a packet ( 3 )
Spl Product Data Elements
LYVISPAH baclofen BACLOFEN BACLOFEN DIMETHYLAMINOETHYL METHACRYLATE - BUTYL METHACRYLATE - METHYL METHACRYLATE COPOLYMER CALCIUM STEARATE SILICON DIOXIDE CROSPOVIDONE HYPROMELLOSES MANNITOL SACCHARIN SODIUM TALC XYLITOL white to off-white LYVISPAH baclofen BACLOFEN BACLOFEN DIMETHYLAMINOETHYL METHACRYLATE - BUTYL METHACRYLATE - METHYL METHACRYLATE COPOLYMER CALCIUM STEARATE SILICON DIOXIDE CROSPOVIDONE HYPROMELLOSES MANNITOL SACCHARIN SODIUM TALC XYLITOL LYVISPAH baclofen BACLOFEN BACLOFEN DIMETHYLAMINOETHYL METHACRYLATE - BUTYL METHACRYLATE - METHYL METHACRYLATE COPOLYMER CALCIUM STEARATE SILICON DIOXIDE CROSPOVIDONE HYPROMELLOSES MANNITOL SACCHARIN SODIUM TALC XYLITOL
Carcinogenesis And Mutagenesis And Impairment Of Fertility
13.1 Carcinogenesis and Mutagenesis and Impairment of Fertility Carcinogenesis No increase in tumors was seen in rats receiving baclofen orally for two years at approximately 30 to 60 times on a mg/kg basis, or 10 to 20 times on a mg/m2 basis, the maximum oral dose recommended for human use. Mutagenesis Genetic toxicology assays have not been conducted for baclofen. Impairment of Fertility Studies to evaluate the effects of baclofen on fertility have not been conducted.
Nonclinical Toxicology
13 NONCLINICAL TOXICOLOGY 13.1 Carcinogenesis and Mutagenesis and Impairment of Fertility Carcinogenesis No increase in tumors was seen in rats receiving baclofen orally for two years at approximately 30 to 60 times on a mg/kg basis, or 10 to 20 times on a mg/m2 basis, the maximum oral dose recommended for human use. Mutagenesis Genetic toxicology assays have not been conducted for baclofen. Impairment of Fertility Studies to evaluate the effects of baclofen on fertility have not been conducted.
Application Number
NDA215422
Brand Name
LYVISPAH
Generic Name
baclofen
Product Ndc
64896-078
Product Type
HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG
Route
ORAL
Package Label Principal Display Panel
PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL 5mg ifc
Information For Patients
17 PATIENT COUNSELING INFORMATION Advise the patient or caregiver to read the FDA-approved patient labeling ( Patient Information and Instructions for Use ). General Administration Instructions Instruct patient or caregiver to carefully open the LYVISPAH packet and empty the entire contents, to obtain the prescribed amount of medication. Packet contents can be administered directly into the mouth. The contents of the packet can be swallowed or will dissolve in the mouth. LYVISPAH may be taken with liquids or can also be administered in soft foods if needed [see Dosage and Administration (2.2) ] . Administration Instructions with Soft Foods LYVISPAH can also be administered by mouth as a mixture with liquids or soft foods, such as apple sauce, yogurt, or pudding. One packet can be mixed with up to 15 mL (one tablespoonful) of soft food. The mixture should be administered no more than 2 hours after mixing [see Dosage and Administration (2.2) ] . Administration Instructions via Feeding Tubes LYVISPAH can be administered via enteral feeding tubes, such a nasogastric (NG), gastrostomy (G), percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG), and gastrojejunostomy (GJ) tubes. Flush the feeding tube with up to 15 mL (one tablespoonful) of water. Open and empty the full contents of one packet of LYVISPAH in 15 mL (one tablespoonful) of the preferred liquid. Stir the suspension to ensure all granules are wetted. Draw up the suspension of granules into a dosing syringe immediately after stirring and administer the dose via the feeding tube. Administer no longer than two hours after mixing. Refill the dosing syringe with 15 mL (one tablespoonful) of water and flush the feeding tube with the remaining contents. Any unused suspensions should be discarded. Risks Related to Sudden Withdrawal of LYVISPAH Advise patients and caregivers not to discontinue use of LYVISPAH without consulting with their healthcare provider because sudden withdrawal of LYVISPAH can result in serious complications that include hallucinations, seizures, high fever, confusion, muscle stiffness, multiple organ-system failure, and death [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ]. Inform patients that early symptoms of LYVISPAH withdrawal may include increased spasticity, itching, and tingling of extremities. Neonatal Withdrawal Symptoms Advise patients to notify their healthcare provider if they are pregnant, plan to become pregnant, or plan to breastfeed [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) and Use in Specific Populations (8.2) ]. Increased Risk of Drowsiness with Alcohol and Other CNS Depressants Advise patients that LYVISPAH may cause drowsiness, and that they should avoid the operation of automobiles or other dangerous machinery, or activities made hazardous by decreased alertness when starting LYVISPAH or increasing the dose of LYVISPAH until they know how the drug affects them [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3) ] . Inform patients and their caregivers that the drowsiness associated with LYVISPAH use can be worsened by alcohol and other CNS depressants. Advise patients to read all medicine labels carefully, and to tell their healthcare provider about all prescription and nonprescription drugs they may use. Distributed by: Amneal Pharmaceuticals LLC Bridgewater, NJ 08807 Rev. 04-2023-01
Instructions For Use
INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE LYVISPAH ( lye vis' pah ) (baclofen) oral granules Important information to know before taking LYVISPAH LYVISPAH can be taken without liquids. If needed, LYVISPAH can be mixed with liquids or soft foods. LYVISPAH should be taken within 2 hours of mixing into liquids or soft foods. How to take LYVISPAH? Opening LYVISPAH Shake the packet to distribute settled granules to the bottom of the packet. Carefully open the LYVISPAH packet by cutting the dotted lines across the top of the packet (see the figure). Taking LYVISPAH by emptying the granules into the mouth Empty all the granules in the LYVISPAH packet directly into your mouth. The granules will dissolve in your mouth or can be swallowed. After taking LYVISPAH, you can drink water if needed to swallow any granules left in your mouth. Taking LYVISPAH with liquids or soft foods LYVISPAH can be taken or given by mouth as a mixture with liquids such as milk or apple juice. LYVISPAH can also be taken or given by mouth as a mixture with soft foods such as apple sauce, yogurt, or pudding. Open 1 packet of LYVISPAH (see the figure above). Empty the full contents of the LYVISPAH packet into 1 tablespoon (15 mL) liquid or soft food and mix it. Take LYVISPAH within 2 hours of mixing into liquids or soft foods. If more than 1 packet of LYVISPAH is needed for your prescribed dose, mix each packet with a separate amount of liquid or soft food. Giving LYVISPAH through a feeding tube LYVISPAH can be given through enteral feeding tubes such as nasogastric (NG), gastrostomy (G), percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG), and gastrojejunostomy (GJ) tubes. Flush the feeding tube with up to 1 tablespoon (15 mL) of water using a catheter tip syringe. Open and empty the full contents of 1 packet of LYVISPAH into a clean container and mix with 1 tablespoon (15 mL) of liquid (apple juice or milk). Stir the mixture to make sure all the granules are wet. Draw up the mixture of granules into a dosing syringe right away after stirring. Give the dose of LYVISPAH through the feeding tube within 2 hours after mixing. If the mixture is in the dosing syringe for 15 minutes and not given, turn the dosing syringe upside down 3 times before you give the dose. Fill the dosing syringe with 1 tablespoon (15 mL) of water and flush the feeding tube. If more than 1 packet of LYVISPAH is needed for the prescribed dose, mix each packet with a separate amount of liquid. Throw away (dispose of) any unused mixture. Important Information Take the entire packet of LYVISPAH to get the prescribed dose. Do not take only part of the medicine. Do not save a portion for later. Keep LYVISPAH and all medicines out of the reach of children. This Patient Information and Instructions for Use have been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. Distributed by: Amneal Pharmaceuticals LLC Bridgewater, NJ 08807 Rev. 04-2023-01 ifu image 1
Spl Patient Package Insert Table
PATIENT INFORMATION LYVISPAH (lye vis' pah) (baclofen) oral granules |
What is LYVISPAH? |
Do not take LYVISPAH if you: |
Before taking LYVISPAH, tell your healthcare provider about all of your medical conditions, including if you: Tell your healthcare provider about all the medicines you take, including prescription and over-the- counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal supplements. |
How should I take LYVISPAH? See the “Instructions for Use” at the end of this Patient Information leaflet for instructions on how to take or give LYVISPAH. |
What should I avoid while taking LYVISPAH? |
What are the possible side effects of LYVISPAH? LYVISPAH can cause serious side effects, including: The most common side effects of LYVISPAH include drowsiness, dizziness, and weakness. These are not all the side effects of LYVISPAH. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or Amneal Pharmaceuticals at 1-877-835-5472. |
How should I store LYVISPAH? Store LYVISPAH at room temperature between 68°F to 77°F (20°C to 25°C). |
General information about the safe and effective use of LYVISPAH. Medicines are sometimes prescribed for purposes other than those listed in a Patient Information leaflet. Do not use LYVISPAH for a condition for which it was not prescribed. Do not give LYVISPAH to other people, even if they have the same symptoms that you have. It may harm them. You can ask your pharmacist or healthcare provider for information about LYVISPAH that is written for health professionals. |
What are the ingredients in LYVISPAH? Active ingredient: baclofen Inactive ingredients: amino methacrylate copolymer, calcium stearate, colloidal silicon dioxide, crospovidone, hypromellose, mannitol, saccharin sodium, strawberry flavor, talc, and xylitol. For more information visit |
Clinical Studies
14 CLINICAL STUDIES The efficacy of LYVISPAH is based upon a bioavailability study in healthy adults comparing baclofen oral tablets to LYVISPAH [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] .
Geriatric Use
8.5 Geriatric Use In general, dose selection for an elderly patient should be cautious, usually starting at the low end of the dosing range, reflecting the greater frequency of decreased hepatic, renal, or cardiac function, and of concomitant disease or other drug therapy. This drug is known to be substantially excreted by the kidney, and the risk of adverse reactions to this drug may be greater in patients with impaired renal function. Because elderly patients are more likely to have decreased renal function, care should be taken in dose selection, and it may be useful to monitor renal function [see Use in Specific Populations (8.6) ] .
Labor And Delivery
8.2 Lactation Risk Summary At recommended oral doses, baclofen is present in human milk. There are no human data on effects of baclofen on milk production. Withdrawal symptoms can occur in breastfed infants when maternal administration of LYVISPAH is stopped, or when breastfeeding is stopped [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ] . There are no adequate data on other effects of baclofen on the breastfed infant. The developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with the mother’s clinical need for LYVISPAH and any potential adverse effects on the breastfed infant from LYVISPAH or from the underlying maternal condition.
Pediatric Use
8.4 Pediatric Use Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients below the age of 12 have not been established.
Pregnancy
8.1 Pregnancy Risk Summary There are no adequate data on the risk of major birth defects, miscarriages, or other maternal adverse outcomes associated with the use of LYVISPAH in pregnant women. There are adverse effects on fetal outcomes associated with withdrawal from baclofen after delivery (see Clinical Considerations) . Oral administration of baclofen to pregnant rats resulted in an increased incidence of fetal structural abnormalities at a dose which was also associated with maternal toxicity. The background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2-4% and 15-20%, respectively. Clinical Considerations Fetal/Neonatal Adverse Reactions LYVISPAH may increase the risk of late-onset neonatal withdrawal symptoms [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ]. Data Animal Data Baclofen given orally has been shown to increase the incidence of omphaloceles (ventral hernias) in fetuses of rats given approximately 13 times on a mg/kg basis, or 3 times on a mg/m² basis, the maximum oral dose recommended for human use; this dose also caused reductions in food intake and weight gain in the dams. This abnormality was not seen in mice or rabbits.
Use In Specific Populations
8 USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS Pregnancy: Based on animal data, may cause fetal harm ( 8.1 ) Because baclofen is excreted unchanged through the kidneys it may be necessary to reduce the dosage in patients with impaired renal function. ( 8.6 ) 8.1 Pregnancy Risk Summary There are no adequate data on the risk of major birth defects, miscarriages, or other maternal adverse outcomes associated with the use of LYVISPAH in pregnant women. There are adverse effects on fetal outcomes associated with withdrawal from baclofen after delivery (see Clinical Considerations) . Oral administration of baclofen to pregnant rats resulted in an increased incidence of fetal structural abnormalities at a dose which was also associated with maternal toxicity. The background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2-4% and 15-20%, respectively. Clinical Considerations Fetal/Neonatal Adverse Reactions LYVISPAH may increase the risk of late-onset neonatal withdrawal symptoms [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ]. Data Animal Data Baclofen given orally has been shown to increase the incidence of omphaloceles (ventral hernias) in fetuses of rats given approximately 13 times on a mg/kg basis, or 3 times on a mg/m² basis, the maximum oral dose recommended for human use; this dose also caused reductions in food intake and weight gain in the dams. This abnormality was not seen in mice or rabbits. 8.2 Lactation Risk Summary At recommended oral doses, baclofen is present in human milk. There are no human data on effects of baclofen on milk production. Withdrawal symptoms can occur in breastfed infants when maternal administration of LYVISPAH is stopped, or when breastfeeding is stopped [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ] . There are no adequate data on other effects of baclofen on the breastfed infant. The developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with the mother’s clinical need for LYVISPAH and any potential adverse effects on the breastfed infant from LYVISPAH or from the underlying maternal condition. 8.4 Pediatric Use Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients below the age of 12 have not been established. 8.5 Geriatric Use In general, dose selection for an elderly patient should be cautious, usually starting at the low end of the dosing range, reflecting the greater frequency of decreased hepatic, renal, or cardiac function, and of concomitant disease or other drug therapy. This drug is known to be substantially excreted by the kidney, and the risk of adverse reactions to this drug may be greater in patients with impaired renal function. Because elderly patients are more likely to have decreased renal function, care should be taken in dose selection, and it may be useful to monitor renal function [see Use in Specific Populations (8.6) ] . 8.6 Renal Impairment Because baclofen is primarily excreted unchanged through the kidneys, LYVISPAH should be given with caution to patients with renal impairment, and it may be necessary to reduce the dosage.
How Supplied
16 HOW SUPPLIED 16.1 How Supplied LYVISPAH (baclofen) oral granules is supplied as follows: 5 mg white to off-white, strawberry flavored oral granules in a child-resistant single dose packet NDC 64896-076-09: carton of 90 packets 10 mg white to off-white, strawberry flavored oral granules in a child-resistant single dose packet NDC 64896-077-09: carton of 90 packets 20 mg white to off-white, strawberry flavored oral granules in a child-resistant single dose packet NDC 64896-078-09: carton of 90 packets 16.2 Storage and Handling Store at room temperature, 20ºC to 25ºC (68ºF to 77ºF); excursions permitted between 15ºC to 30º C (59ºF to 86ºF) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature].
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